76031741 Directional Drilling

Basics of Directional DrillingPresented by :

Shoaib Farooqui

Date 28/05/09

RULES OF THE HOUSE

• This is a knowledge sharing session

• No Cell Phones during the presentation – turn them off or

put them on SILENT mode

• All questions will be entertained after the end of each

module

• Break Timings should be followed

• Discipline – Responsiveness is the key today

• UNLEARN to LEARN more

• In case of any emergency don’t panic

• Enjoy Learning !

Content

• Application of Directional Drilling

• Petroleum Geology for Non-Geologists

• Well bore Positioning

• Introduction to Motors

• Steering the Well

• BHA Design, Weight and Forces

• Torque and Drag Consideration

• Stabilizer Consideration

• Conclusion

Applications of Directional Drilling

Definition of Directional Drilling

• Directional Drilling

– is the science of direction a Well Bore along a

predetermined Trajectory to intersect the designated

Sub-Surface Targets

First Directional Well in California

Re-Entry Versus New Wells

Why Horizontal Wells?

Horizontal Well Profiles

Horizontal Wells Profiles

Petroleum Geology for Non-Geologist

Petroleum Geology

Well Bore Positioning

Reference System and Coordinates

Well Bore Depth

Depth Reference Points-Land and Offshore Rigs

Inclination

Azimuth – Hole Direction

North Reference

Magnetic Basics

Mapping the World

Coordinate System

Mapping – Projection Systems

UTM Zones

UTM Coordinates

Introduction to Motors

Conventional Circulation System

Motors

UNDERSTANDING ROTAR / STATOR

COMBINATION

5/6 7/8

3/42/3

The greater the number of lobes, the higher the

motor torque and the lower the output RPM.

The power section is often called the motor

section.

Positive Displacement Motors

Steering the Well

BHA - Components

Drill Bits

• DRILL BITS

The process of drilling a hole in the

ground requires the use of drilling

• Types of Drill Bits

• Roller cone bits

Steel tooth

Tungsten carbide inserts (TCI)

• PDC or Polycrystalline Diamond Compact

• Natural or Synthetic Diamond (TSP)

Stabilizers

• STABILIZERS

The placement and gauge of stabilizers are used as the fundamental method of controlling the directional behavior of most BHA.

Stabilizers help concentrate the weight of the BHA on he drill bit.

Ream out doglegs and key seats.

They minimize bending and vibrations which cause tool joint wear and damage to BHA components such as MWD tools.

Drill Pipes

• DRILL PIPES

• Support the weight of

Drillstring

• Transfer the torque to the bit.

• Conduit for drilling mud

Drill Collars

• DRILL COLLARS

• May be flush or spiral type.

• Spiral type provides less area

of contact

• Provide WOB

• Provide rigidity to the

drillstring.

Heavy Weight Drill Pipes

• HWDP (Heavy Weight Drill Pipes)

• Provide WOB with Flexibility

• Less rigid & have less weight than DC

• Less wall contact to reduce friction

• Provides high rpm drilling with reduced torque

Drilling Jars

• JARS

• Provide impact after sticking

• Notes on drilling jar

• Use the largest possible jar in the

B.H.A (will give the biggest impact).

• Don’t place any stabilizers above the

drilling

• Have the same diameter tubular

above and below the jar

• Have at least two drill collars or two

stands of HWDP above the jar to act

as anvil.

• Don’t place the jar at or near to the

neutral point.

BHA - Weight and Forces

Weight on Bit

BHA Design Consideration

Torque and Drag Forces

Torque and Drag Consideration

Stabilizer Consideration

Types of Directional well profiles

The Fulcrum Principle

• The principle involves using a lever and a pivot point to gain mechanical

advantage

Fulcrum Principle

• A stabilizer inserted in the drill string just above the bit acts as the pivot

• The drill collar above the stabilizer acts as the lever

• Applied weight causes the bottom collar to bow

• Pushes the bit hard against the top of the hole creating a tendency to build inclination

There are three basic principles

• FULCRUM principle use to BUILD Angle

• STABILIZATION principle use to HOLD Angle

• PENDULUM principle use to DROP Angle

Stabilization Principle & Packed (Hold) Assembly

Pendulum Principle & Dropping Assemblies

Conclusion

Directional Drilling is an ART or SCIENCE ??

Thank You !

76031741 Directional Drilling

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