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Chapter 7Pictorials
Topics Exercises
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Copyright 2010 by K. PlantenbergRestricted use only
Pictorials: Topics
Summary 7.1) Pictorials Introduction 7.2) Isometric Pictorial Axes 7.3) Drawing Linear Features 7.4) Drawing Circles and Radii 7.5) Drawing Cylinders 7.6) Oblique Pictorials Overview
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Ortho. Projection: Exercises
Exercise 7-2: Creating an isometricpictorial 1
Exercise 7-4: Creating an isometric
pictorial 2
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Pictorials
Summary
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Summary
What will we learn in Chapter 7? How to create isometric pictorials.
Key points A pictorial is a pseudo 3-D drawing. They are used to aid visualization.
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Pictorials
7.1) Pictorials Introduction
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Introduction
Pictorials are pseudo 3-D drawings.
Drawn in 2-D.Looks 3-D.
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Introduction
Pictorials are very effective at illustratingassemblies.
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Introduction
The two most common types ofpictorials are: Isometric
Oblique
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Pictorials
7.2) Isometric Pictorial Axes
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Isometric Pictorial Axes
Isometricpictorials aredrawn in a
coordinatesystemwhere theaxes are 60degrees apart.
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Isometric Pictorials Scale
The linearfeatures onor parallel to
these threeaxes aredrawn at80% of fullscale torepresenttrue size.
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Isometric Pictorials Scale
Isometricpictorialsmay be
drawn at anyscale as longas the scaleis uniform onall axes.
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Pictorials
7.3) Drawing Linear Features
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Drawing Linear Features
How do we draw an isometric pictorial?
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Drawing Linear Features
Step 1) Draw the three construction linesthat represent the isometric axes.
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Drawing Linear Features
Step 2) Draw a defining box. Sides = maximum height, width and depth
dimensions of the object.
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Drawing Linear Features
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Drawing Linear Features
Step 3) Draw the lines of the object that areparallel to the axes.
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Drawing Linear Features
Step 5) Erase or remove the constructionlines.Step 6) If the drawing is produced in a 2-D
drawing package, it should be scaled by80%.
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Exercise 7-2
Creating an Isometric Pictorial 1
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Exercise 7-2
Create a full scale isometric pictorial ofthe following object. (Use a pencil.)
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Step 1) Draw three constructionlines that represent the isometricaxes. (Done)
The grid spacing is 0.5 inch.
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Step 2) Draw a box whose sidesare parallel to the three axesand whose lengths are themaximum height, width anddepth dimension of the object.
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Step 3) Draw the lines of theobject that are parallel to theaxes.
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Step 4) The lines of the objectthat are not parallel to one of theaxes are added by connectingthe ends of existing lines.
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Step 4) Erase or remove theconstruction lines.
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Pictorials
7.4) Drawing Circles and Radii
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Drawing Circles and Radii
Circular features of an object appear asellipses on an isometric pictorial.
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Drawing Circles and Radii
Step 1) Draw the linear features of theobject using the procedure previouslydescribed.
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Drawing Circles and Radii
Step 2) Draw a box whose diagonals meetat the center of the circle and the length ofthe sides are equal to the circles diameter.
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Drawing Circles and Radii
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Drawing Circles and Radii
Step 3) Draw anellipse in the boxwhose major axis is
aligned with the longdiagonal of the box. The ellipses touch
the box at themidpoint of its sides.
Major Axis
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Drawing Circles and Radii
The same procedure is used for creatingradii except that the unwanted part of theellipse is erased or trimmed.
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Pictorials
7.5) Drawing Cylinders
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Drawing Cylinders
Drawing cylinders in an isometric pictorialis just a matter of drawing two circles andadding some connecting lines.
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Drawing Cylinders
Step 1) Draw adefining box. The height is equal
to the height of thecylinder and thewidth and depth areequal to the
diameter of thecylinder.
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Drawing Cylinders
Step 2) Drawdiagonals andellipses in boxes that
define the beginningand end of thecylinder.
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Drawing Cylinders
Step 3) Draw twolines that connect thetwo ellipses.
The lines will startand end at theintersection betweenthe ellipse and the
major axis diagonal.
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Drawing Cylinders
Step 4) Erase allconstruction linesand any lines that fall
behind the cylinder.
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Exercise 7-4
Creating an isometric pictorial 2
Skip to next part of the exercise
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Exercise 7-4
Create a full scale isometric pictorial ofthe following object. The grid spacing is10 mm .
St 1) D th li f t f
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Step 1) Draw the linear features ofthe object using the procedurepreviously described.
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Repeat for the bottom radius
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Repeat for the bottom radius.
Use a vertical line to connect the
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Use a vertical line to connect theellipses.
Draw the defining boxes for the
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Draw the defining boxes for thecylindrical feature on the top of thepart.
Draw and connect the ellipses
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Draw and connect the ellipses.
Draw the ellipse that represents the
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Draw the ellipse that represents thethru hole.
Draw the defining box and cylinder
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Draw the defining box and cylinderthat defines the counterbore.
Draw the ellipse representing the
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Draw the ellipse representing thedrill. Only a small piece shows.
Step 4) Erase all construction and
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Step 4) Erase all construction andunwanted lines.
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Pictorials
7.6) Oblique Pictorial Overview
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Oblique Pictorials
What differences can you see?
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Oblique Pictorials
In the oblique pictorials coordinate systemonly one axes is at an angle. The angle may range between 0 and 90
degrees; however, the most commonly usedangle is 45 degrees.
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Oblique Pictorials
The featuresdrawn on the planedefined by thevertical andhorizontal axes aredrawn at full scaleand true shape .
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Oblique Pictorials
The linear featuresdrawn on the angledaxis may be fullscale (cavalierprojection) or maybe drawnforeshortened. The most common,
is half scale(cabinet projection).
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Pictorials
The End