Post on 30-May-2018
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FOURTH GENERATION MOBILE
COMMUNICATIONTO
PERVASIVE COMMUNICATION
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Elements ofMobile Cellular
Communication Network
HLRVLR
cell
BS
Mobile Unit
The Cell
MSC
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MAC layer
Packets from higher layer small sub packets
Stop-and-wait ARQ
Go-back N ARQ
Selective-repeat ARQ
ARQ - Automatic Retransmission and
Fragmentation Mechanism
TYPES OF ARQ SYSTEM
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Stop-and-wait ARQ
Go-back N ARQ
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Selective-repeat ARQ
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Fig-5: 3D Model Representing Mobile Communication Syste
TDMA
FDMA
TDMA,
CDMA
CDMA
LA CDMA,
WCDMA
multirate
CDMA
UTRA
GPRS
GSM,
IS-54,TDMA
AMPS,
TACS,
NMT
Target
2-5GHz100Mb
ps to
1Gbps
2000Mh
z to
2200Mh
z
2Mbps
1800Mh
zto1900
MHz
171 to
384Kbp
s
800MHz
to900MHz
9.6 to
14.4Kbps
935 Mhz
to 950
Mhz
2.4 to
30Kbp
s
On the way. With high frequency mobile extension, accompanying a variety of
new techniques having a data rate 260 times of 3G.
DSP
ASP
Packet
Switching
ISP,WCDMA,
CDMA
uP
GPS
Proposal
for AMC
OFDM
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Introduction to Pervasive
communication
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All these existing and upcoming networks, combined
together, are promising a global scale distributed
infrastructure
for
all-time everywhere communication,
known as
Pervasive Communication,
that seamlessly and ubiquitously aids users in
accomplishing their tasks effortlessly.
Pervasive Communication
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WIRED BACKBOME NETWORK
WIRED over WIRELESS NETWORK
PERVASIVE NETWORK
PERVASIVE COMPUTING SYSTEM
WIRELESS ACCESS
PERVASIVENESS MANAGEMENT
MIDDLEWARE SUPPORT
Network View
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An overallinfrastructural supportto provideproactivelya
rich set of computingcapabilities and servicesto a user (may be a
nomad) every timeeverywhere in atransparent, integratedand convenientway.
Pervasive Computing (PerCom)
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PerCom Components
Pervasive computation
embeded computers and sensors everywhereembeded computers and sensors everywhere
in devices, appliances, equipment, in homes, workplaces
and factories, and even in clothing.
Pervasive communication
everywherea high degree communicationeverywherea high degree communication
through a ubiquitous and secure network infrastructure
with a wired core and wireless adjuncts (shell) that communicate
with the core.
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Computing will be everywhere: pens, cans, pads, boards,coffee machines, alarm watches, etc.
Invisible and sublime
Communication will be everywhere: among all devices
Wired and/or wireless
Single-hop or multi-hop
Some of the devices (like refrigerators, ovens, etc.) alreadyhave computers incorporated, but without the capability ofcommunicating among each other
Pervasiveness
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Intelligent Refrigerator
Take out last can of milk
Swipe cans UPC label,
which adds milk to your
shopping list for Friday
afternoon
Make a note that you need
milk for the guests you arehaving over this weekend
Intelligent Refrigerator
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Friday rolls aroundand you have not
bought milk
You are on yourway back fromoffice
Deadline-basedreminder is sent bythe refrigerator toyour pager
Reminder to Pager
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AutoPC informs
you that you are
now near asupermarket
Opportunistic
reminder: If it isconvenient, stop to
buy milk
Helpful AutoPC
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Pervasive Network (PerNet)
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PerCom Architecture
PerCom architecture can be framed into three broadareas: PerNet
networking,
PerWare middleware,
PerApp applications
To implement this architecture, all the three sets oftechnologies must be used judiciously
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Applications
Middlewares
Network (PerNet)
user
user
user
user
PerCom Model
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Smartness involves accurate sensing(input) followed by intelligent control oraction (output) between two worlds
namely machine and human E.g., a pervasive computing system that
automatically adjusts heating, cooling, andlighting levels in a room depending on anoccupants electronic profile must have some form ofperceptionto track the person
and also
some form ofcontrolto adjust the ventilationandlighting systems
Smartness
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Conclusion
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ThankYou
!!!