Drafting 2 - Architecture

3.0.0 – Service Area

Contents:Service Area:

Kitchens – (Types and Layouts)

Bathrooms / Powder Rooms

Laundry Rooms / Utility Rooms

Garage / Carports

Pictures used in this presentation are used for educational purposes only. The author of this presentation makes no claim to being the original creator of any photographs within.

Kitchen Types & Layouts

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Kitchen LayoutsThe Kitchen Work Triangle

Stove

Sink

Refrigerator

The stove, sink and refrigerator form the corners of the Work Triangle.

The work triangle is used to guide the design of a kitchen.

General Rules for the Work Triangle

1. No side of the work triangle should be less than 4’ long, or greater than 7’.

2. The sum of the sides of the work triangle should be at least 15’ and not more

than 22’.

3. Household traffic should not pass through the work triangle.

4. Work space (counter area) should always be placed between each point of the triangle.

Kitchen Layouts

One Wall Kitchen

Corridor L-shaped

Peninsula

Island Kitchen

U-shaped Kitchen

One Wall Kitchen

Attributes:

Commonly used in Efficiency Apartments and in hotel suites.

Often placed in Rec. Rooms or basements for entertainment purposes.

Usually do not have large workspaces available.

Typically utilize smaller appliances than those used in full sized kitchens.

Sometimes placed behind Bi-Fold closet doors.

Work Triangle

One Wall Kitchen

Corridor Kitchen

Attributes:

All Cabinets and appliances are placed along 2 parallel walls.

Provides more storage and workspace than a one wall kitchen.

Creates a very efficient work triangle.

Typically found in small homes.

Usually placed between two living areas.

Sometimes walk-thru traffic can be a problem.

Corridor Kitchen Work Triangle

L-Shape Kitchen

Attributes:

Commonly used for both large and small kitchens.

Cabinets and appliances are placed along 2 adjacent walls.

Work triangle works well with L-Shape layouts but becomes inefficient with larger kitchens.

Arrangement of this type kitchen eliminates walk-thru traffic.

L-Shape Kitchen Work Triangle

Peninsula Kitchen

Attributes:

Provides additional cabinet space to an L-Shape kitchen by adding an additional leg of cabinets.

The peninsula can be used as an:

Eating BarService BarWork Center

Peninsula

Peninsula Kitchen Work Triangle

Peninsula

U-Shape Kitchen

Attributes: Provides efficient layout with easy access to all workstations.

Corner storage is sometimes difficult to use because of cabinet layout required.

Eliminates walk-thru traffic

Usually used in large homes.

A minimum of 60” must be maintained between the cabinet faces.

U-Shape Kitchen Work Triangle

Island Kitchen

Attributes:

An Island can be added to any type kitchen.

Usually found in large homes, but may be found in smaller homes as well.

Provides additional workspace, and perhaps may even contain a sink or cooktop.

42” clearance around the island must be maintained in order to provide walking and work area.

ISLAND

Island Kitchen Work Triangle

Island Kitchen W/ Cooktop on Island and Vent Hood

COOKTOP

RANGE HOOD / VENT

ISLAND

Island Kitchen W/ Sink

Sink built into Island

Various Eating Bars

Cabinet Types

Cooktops

Ranges

Ovens

Range Hoods

Kitchen Appliances & Accessories

Kitchen Cabinets

IslandBase

Cabinet36” High24” Deep

Upper Cabinet:12” Deep

3’ of clear counter space should be provided on one side of the sink, and 2’ of clear counter space should be provided on the other side of the sink.

Cooktop

Gas Cooktop

Cooktop

Electric Cooktop

Range

Gas Range

Range

Electric Range

Range Hood

Range Hood

Used to pull fumes and smoke from the cooktop.

Fumes may vent to the outside or be filtered and replaced into the room.

Range Hoods

Range hoods come in all shapes, styles and sizes, but all perform the same function…They remove smoke, fumes and odors from the cooktop.

Kitchen Cabinets and Appliances (Floor Plan View)

Upper Cabinet

:Shown with

dashed line 12” off wall

Lower Cabinet:

Shown with solid

line 24” off wall

Dishwasher

Sink

Range (Stove)

The End Kitchen Types and Layouts

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Bathrooms & Powder Rooms

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Bathrooms & Powder Rooms

Some bathrooms may be plain and simple, or very ornate.

It is often said in Real Estate that what typically sells a house is the kitchen and the bathrooms.

Some bathrooms may be small while others may be very large.

Bathrooms & Powder RoomsAttributes:The smallest bathrooms are called Powder Rooms.

Another name for a Powder Rooms is a Half Bath

A Half Bath is a small bathroom without a tub or shower.

A Powder Room contains only a sink and a water closet (Toilet).

The sink in any bathroom is referred to as a Lavatory and is used for washing face and hands.

Lavatories without a base cabinet are known as Pedestal Lavatories

Bathrooms & Powder RoomsAttributes:Bathrooms are considered part of the Service Area, but are usually located in the Sleeping Area of the house near the bedrooms

SpecificsDoor Size:

2/0 x 6/8 Minimum2/4 x 6/8 Maximum2/4 x 6/8 Recommended

Bathrooms Require an electric exhaust fan to remove moisture from the air.

Note: Old building codes used to allow an exhaust fan to NOT be installed if there was an operable window in the bathroom.

Bathrooms & Powder RoomsThe most common Full Bathroom arrangement contains the following fixtures:

Water Closet

Tub / Shower Combination

Vanity & Lavatories

Bathrooms & Powder RoomsMany bathrooms are upgraded depending on the size and luxury level of the home.

Upgraded TubMany will contain upgraded tubs, and showers.

Upgraded Shower

Bathrooms & Powder RoomsCompartmentalized Bathroom:

Compartmentalized Bathrooms are usually used in larger homes. In these type bathrooms, the water closet is placed in a separate room from the other parts of the bathroom.

Water Closet

in separate

room

TubVanity With

Lavatories

Shower

Bathrooms & Powder RoomsJack & Jill Bathrooms:

Jack & Jill Bathrooms are used in between two bedrooms.

Each bedroom has a door leading directly to the bathroom without having to walk through a hallway.

Door From

Bedroom 2

Door From

Bedroom 1

Bathrooms & Powder RoomsSpecific Measurements for Bathrooms:

Water Closet Spacing:

• Water Closet Centerline to Adjacent Wall or Tub = 18”• Water Closet Centerline to Lavatory = 15”• A minimum 21” clear space must be provided in front

of the water closet

The End Bathrooms and Powder Rooms

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Laundry Rooms & Utility Rooms

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Laundry Rooms & Utility Rooms

Utility Rooms and Laundry Rooms are often one room in the same, however some houses have them as two separate rooms.These rooms are designed for multiple functions that include:

•Often contains Electrical Panel

•Long Term Food Storage (Sometimes)

•Washing, Drying & Folding Clothes

Laundry Rooms & Utility Rooms

• Water Heater Storage

Water Heaters are usually powered by electricity or by natural gas. Gas fired heaters must be vented to the outside via a vent through the roof or an adjacent exterior wall.

Gas Water heaters in a utility room must be located to accommodate these ventilation requirements

Laundry Rooms & Utility Rooms

• Furnace / Air Conditioner Storage

Placing the air conditioner and furnace in an interior utility room is a nice convenience because it allows for easy maintenance.

If not located in a utility room, this equipment is either located in the attic, or in a crawl space if the house has a crawl foundation.

Laundry Rooms & Utility Rooms

• Electrical Panels

In homes with a garage, the electrical panel is usually located in the garage.

Often times however the electrical panel is placed in a utility room or utility closet.

The electrical panel contains circuit breakers that control the supply of electricity to the rest of the house

Laundry Rooms & Utility RoomsLaundry Room Specifics In Review:

•These rooms are often placed near Garages or in Basements.

•Many newer home designs place these rooms in the Sleeping Area of the house because that’s where the dirty clothes are before being washed, and where they will be returned after being washed.

•Standard Door size should be Minimum 2/8 x 6/8. In order to provide room for a washer and dryer to fit through the door.

The End Utility & Laundry Rooms

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Garages, Carports & Breezeways

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Garages, Carports & Breezeways

Garages are enclosed structures used to contain automobiles, boats, trailers equipment or other similar devices.

These rooms are typically NOT climate controlled, meaning they do not have heat or air conditioning, and their area is not included in heated square footage calculations for a structure.

Garages may be attached to the house, or free-standing …(Detached)

Detached GarageAttached Garage

Garages, Carports & Breezeways

CommonGarageLayouts

1 Car Garage

2 Car Garage3 Car Garage

Garages, Carports & Breezeways

Two Car Garages usually have one of the following door configurations:

(2) 7’ High by 8’ Wide Sectional Doors

(1)7’ High by 16’ Wide Sectional Door

(1) 7’ High by 18’ Wide Sectional Door (Special Order)

Garages, Carports & Breezeways

Three Car Garages usually have one of the following door configurations:

(1) 7’ x 8’ Sectional Door and a 7’ x 16’ Sectional Door

(3) 7’ x 8’ Sectional Doors

Garages, Carports & Breezeways

Minimum Size for a Single Car Garage is:

11’ wide x 19’ deep

Maximum Size for a Single Car Garage should not exceed:

16’ wide x 25’ deep

Single (1) Car Garage

Garages, Carports & Breezeways

Double (2) Car GarageMinimum Size for a Two Car Garage is:

20’ wide x 20’ deep

Maximum Size for a 2 Car Garage is:

25’ wide x 25’ deep

Garages, Carports & Breezeways

Double (2) Car GarageWith modern cars and SUV’s being

larger than in years past, the minimum of 20’ x 20’ for a Two Car Garage is really too small.

Parking is possible, however opening the car doors and walking between the cars is difficult.

A more accurate size for a Two Car Garage is:

22’ wide x 24’ deep

Garages, Carports & Breezeways

Carports are simply a roof over a parking area. No side walls are present.

Used to protect automobiles from weather

Minimum size for a double carport is also:

20’ x 20’

Garages, Carports & Breezeways

Attached carports , as shown at right are enclosed on one side.

These carports are simply roof structures attached to a house on one side, and supported on the other side by columns or posts.

Occasionally a storage room is built into the “nose” of a carport.

Garages, Carports & Breezeways

A Breezeway is a part of a building that joins a main building to a garage.

Breezeways provide roof covered access to the garage, but usually do not provide coverage with walls.

In cold or rainy climates, breezeways may be built that contain frame walls or glass enclosures.

Breezeway between house & garage

The End Garages, Carports & Breezeways

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