NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC ORDER

Dr. Emmanuel GILLET The Polytechnic University of Hong Kong

Faculty of Business

DOMAIN NAMES AND DNS Comparative, Institutional Perspectives and Recent Developments in the

DNS Governance

14 May 2014, Wednesday, 9:00am – 12:00nn Hong Kong International Arbitration Center

A CUHK/CFRED Seminar co-organized with ADNDRC

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY 1.  New gTLDs

2.  Objection and Dispute Resolution

3.  Public Policy Matters

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

1.  New gTLDs

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY

.天主教 .AMAZON .欧莱雅 .ACADEMY .ARAB .ARMY .ART .BABY .BIBLE .BIO

.BOOK .CATHOLIC .CHURCH .CLOUD .DOCTOR .DOG. EPSON .FAN .FEDEX .FILM .FOOD .GALLERY .GAY

.GIFT .HERMES .ISLAM .LEGAL .LOL .HEALTH .HOME .HOSPITAL .MED .MEDICAL .MENU .OMEGA .ORGANIC .PARIS .PARTY .PFIZER .PHARMACY .RECIPIES .SHOP

.TOKYO .WEIBO etc.

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

2.  Objection and Dispute Resolution. An Overview

Dispute Resolution Mechanism Object Dispute Resolution Mechanism

String Confusion Objections Existing TLD International Center for Dispute Resolution

Legal Rights Objections Prior Rights WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center

Limited Public Interest Objections Public Interest International Center of Expertise of the ICC

Community Objections Community Interest Community objection

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

2.  Objection and Dispute Resolution. An Overview

Independent Objector (IO)

Acting solely in the best interests of global Internet users

The can lodge objections on the grounds of: Limited Public interest Objections Community objections In cases where no other objection has been filed. Professor Alain PELLET serves as the Independent Objector.

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

2.  Objection and Dispute Resolution. Statistics

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY

Source: ICANN (5 May 2014)

Active applications

1397

Proceedings

267

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

2.  Objection and Dispute Resolution. Statistics.

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY

Community, 104

LRO, 69 Public

interest, 23

String confusion, 76 Total number of

objections

272

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

2.  Objection and Dispute Resolution. Statistics.

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY

Objection rejected, 59

Upheld, 1 Upheld with dissenting opinoin, 3

Total number of Legal Right Objections

63

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

2.  Objection and Dispute Resolution. Statistics.

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY

Total number of Community Objections

47

Objector, 15

Withdraw, 30

In Progress, 2

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

2.  Objection and Dispute Resolution. Statistics.

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY

Total number of String Confusion

Objections

67

Terminated, 3

Objector, 12

Withdraw, 6

Applicant, 46

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

2.  Objection and Dispute Resolution. Statistics.

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY

Total number of Public Interest

Objections

23

In progress, 11

Applicant, 9

Withdraw, 1 Objector, 1

Objector with dissenting opinion, 1

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

2.  Objection and Dispute Resolution. Statistics.

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY

Total number of objections lodged

by the IO

36

Community, 13

Public Interest, 23

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

3.  The Public Policy Matters

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY

.天主教 .AMAZON .欧莱雅 .ACADEMY .ARAB .ARMY .ART .BABY .BIBLE .BIO

.BOOK .CATHOLIC .CHURCH .CLOUD .DOCTOR .DOG. EPSON .FAN .FEDEX .FILM .FOOD .GALLERY .GAY

.GIFT .HERMES .ISLAM .LEGAL .LOL .HEALTH .HOME .HOSPITAL .MED .MEDICAL .MENU .OMEGA .ORGANIC .PARIS .PARTY .PFIZER .PHARMACY .RECIPIES .SHOP

.TOKYO .WEIBO etc.

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

3.  The Public Policy Matters > Community

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY

.天主教 .AMAZON .欧莱雅 .ACADEMY .ARAB .ARMY .ART .BABY .BIBLE .BIO

.BOOK .CATHOLIC .CHURCH .CLOUD .DOCTOR .DOG. EPSON .FAN .FEDEX .FILM .FOOD .GALLERY .GAY

.GIFT .HERMES .ISLAM .LEGAL .LOL .HEALTH .HOME .HOSPITAL .MED .MEDICAL .MENU .OMEGA .ORGANIC .PARIS .PARTY .PFIZER .PHARMACY .RECIPIES .SHOP

.TOKYO .WEIBO etc.

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY

.天主教 .AMAZON .欧莱雅 .ACADEMY .ARAB .ARMY .ART .BABY .BIBLE .BIO

.BOOK .CATHOLIC .CHURCH .CLOUD .DOCTOR .DOG. EPSON .FAN .FEDEX .FILM .FOOD .GALLERY .GAY

.GIFT .HERMES .ISLAM .LEGAL .LOL .HEALTH .HOME .HOSPITAL .MED .MEDICAL .MENU .OMEGA .ORGANIC .PARIS .PARTY .PFIZER .PHARMACY .RECIPIES .SHOP

.TOKYO .WEIBO etc.

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest > Health Sector

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY

.天主教 .AMAZON .欧莱雅 .ACADEMY .ARAB .ARMY .ART .BABY .BIBLE .BIO

.BOOK .CATHOLIC .CHURCH .CLOUD .DOCTOR .DOG. EPSON .FAN .FEDEX .FILM .FOOD .GALLERY .GAY

.GIFT .HERMES .ISLAM .LEGAL .LOL .HEALTH .HOME .HOSPITAL .MED .MEDICAL .MENU .OMEGA .ORGANIC .PARIS .PARTY .PFIZER .PHARMACY .RECIPIES .SHOP

.TOKYO .WEIBO etc.

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest > Health Sector

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY

Several expert determinations

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest > Health Sector

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY

Dr. Emmanuel GILLET v mail@egillet.com

Sou

Source: ICANN

3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest > Health Sector

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY

Dr. Emmanuel GILLET v mail@egillet.com Source: ICANN

3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest > Health Sector

•  Value of the new gTLDs in the health sector

•  Health market is constantly growing •  Acceleration with the big data revolution

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest > Health Sector

VALUE ATTRACTS VULTURES

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY

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3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest > Health Sector

•  Risks we must take into consideration

•  Online counterfeiting •  Fake pharmacies

•  12 July 2013, French law liberalizing drugs market •  September 2013: 11 fake e-pharmacies (based in Russia)

shut down •  Scamming, identity theft, phishing, etc.

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest > Health Sector

•  Risks we must take into consideration

•  Online counterfeiting •  Acceleration with the big data revolution

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY

© R

eald

ange

r.co.

uk

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest > Health Sector

The need for a regulation of the health sector?

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest > Health Sector

•  EXP/412/ICANN/29, Prof. Alain Pellet (IO) v. Ruby Pike

•  IO: “the applied-for gTLD string is contrary to generally accepted legal norms relating to morality and public order that are recognized under principles of international law” (reference to paragraph 3.5.3. of the Guidebook)

•  References to various provisions from international instruments of law

•  “Misuse of the word “hospital” can cause significant harm to the society”

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest > Health Sector

•  EXP/412/ICANN/29, Prof. Alain Pellet (IO) v. Ruby Pike

•  Counter-arguments •  Freedom of expression •  WHO Resolution on eHealth standardization and

interoperability: health-related global top-level domain names in all languages (…) should be operated in a way that protects public health, including by preventing the further development of illicit markets of medicines, medical devices and unauthorized products and services (…)”

•  Intended use is not contrary to fundamental norms of public order and morality” (dissenting opinion)

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest > Health Sector

•  EXP/412/ICANN/29, Prof. Alain Pellet (IO) v. Ruby Pike

•  Expert determination: Objection justified

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest > Health Sector

The need for a regulation of the health sector?

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest > Health Sector

The need for a regulation of the health sector?

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

3.  The Public Policy Matters > Public Interest > Health Sector

Proposition for a co-regulation: to involve the WHO

•  As an observer?

•  In the board of the registry?

v NEW GTLDS AND PUBLIC POLICY

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET

Thank you

Emmanuel GILLET, PH D v

mail@egillet.com

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | 2014 Emmanuel GILLET