Post on 04-Jun-2018
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Question 1
Below is a possible combined heat and power application with data as shown. What is thethermal efficiency of the steam cycle?
a. 17%
b. 28%
c. 21%
d. 32%
20 points
Question 2
Which of the following are needed before a plant can utilize CHP?
a. low electricity costs
b. high natural gas costs
c. demonstrated use for electricity
d. suitable location for thermal storage
e. demonstrated use for thermal energy
10 points
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Question 3
According to analysis from ice cores, historical levels of CO2 in the atmosphere, datingback 650,000 years, have never exceeded
1. 300 ppm
2. 100 ppm
3. 50 ppm
4. 200 ppm
10 points
Question 4
Why do atmospheric CO2 measurements go up and then back down each year, creating a
sawtoothed time history?
1. Because most of the earth's vegetation is in the Northern Hemisphere.
2. Because fossil fuel combustion is less in the winter.
3. Because most of the earth's population is in the Northern Hemisphere.
4. Because the oceans absorb more CO2 in the summer.
10 points
Question 5
The approximate chemical composition of a biofuel is C0.41H0.77O0.2. The amount of CO2produced (in kg) per kg of biofuel burned is approximately (you will need to calculatethis):
Answer
20 points
Question 6
The approximate chemical composition of wood is C0.51H0.06O0.42. The amount of CO2produced (in kg) per kg of wood burned is approximately (you will need to calculatethis):
a. 3.50
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b. 1.75
c. 4.25
10 points
Question 7
Current levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are about
a. 100 parts per million
b. almost 400 parts per million
c. 200 parts per million
d. 300 part per million
10 points
Question 8
According to Colin Campbell, "to imagine that there's anywhere missed as big as theNorth Sea is just implausible."
True
False
10 points
Question 9
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Below is a T-s diagram and data for a combined cycle. What is the thermal efficiency ofthe topping cycle if it is operated independently (without the steam cycle)?
a. 32%
b. 55%
c. 58%
d. 52%
30 points
Question 10
Below is a T-s diagram and data for a combined cycle. What is the thermal efficiency ofthe bottom cycle if it is operated independently (without the gas turbine cycle)?
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a. 38%
b. 52%
c. 32%
d. 55%
30 points
Question 11
1.Below is a T-s diagram and data for a combined cycle. The cycles are operated in cascadeas shown and the air exits the heat exchanger connecting the two cycles at state 9. Whatis the thermal efficiency of the combined cycle?
a. 55%
b. 32%
c. 58%
d. 52%
30 points
Question 12
The thermal efficiency of a typical combined cycle is
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a. about 20% - 30%
b. about 30% - 40%
c. about 40% - 50%
d. about 50% - 60%
10 points
Question 13
The thermal efficiency of a typical Brayton cycle is
a. about 20% - 30%
b. about 30% - 40%
c. about 40% - 50%
d. about 50% - 60%
10 points
Question 14
The current global energy demand is ___________terawatts. Blank 1
10 points
Question 15
According to David Goodstein, in 1956 M. King Hubbert was regarded as an ingeniousanalyst for his prediction that US oil production would peak in 10 to 15 years.
True
False
10 points
Question 16
According to David Goodstein, how many of the largest nuclear power plants are neededto replace current use of fossil fuels?
14.7
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1. 5,000
2. 10,000
3. 1,000
4. 50,000
10 points
Question 17
In the recent Quadrennial Defense Review (QDR), what topic suddenly appeared and isdiscussed in detail?
1. high cost of fuels
2. challenges deploying to varied theaters3. climate change
4. don't ask, don't tell
10 points
Question 18
According to Richard Alley, energy efficiency holds promise to reduce _________ of ourcurrent global energy needs.
Answer
1. 25%
2. 25%
3. 33%
4. 50%
10 points
Question 19
Who devised a method of estimating ultimate production of a fossil fuel by plottingpercentage growth (year over year) versus cummulative production?
1. Colin Campbell
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2. Stanley Jevons
3. Kenneth Deffeyes
4. M. King Hubbert
10 points
Question 20
According to Richard Alley, geothermal energy holds promise to supply _________ ofour current global energy needs.
1. 25%
2. 100%
3. 3 times4. 11 times
10 points
Question 21
Which of these are greenhouse gases? Check all that apply...
a. Water vapor
b. Carbon dioxide
c. methane
d. Carbon monoxide
e. nitrogen
10 points
Question 22
According to Richard Alley, which of the following are ways we know that recentbuildup of CO2 in the atmosphere is the result of burning fossil fuels (check all thatapply)?
1. simple bookkeeping
2. "ask the air" (see that CO2 and O2 levels oppose each other)
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3. examine isotopes of carbon
4. measure radioactive residues
5. results of IPCC report
10 points
Question 23
A Hubbert analysis of world oil production (1930-1960) assuming 2.5 trillion barrels ofultimate recoverable oil indicates that oil production
a. will peak in about 20 years (2028).
b. is peaking now (2012 - 2013)
c. peaked in the year 2000
10 points
Question 24
In Hubbert's analysis, the plotted curve is the _____________, while the area under thecurve is the _____________.
a. ultimate production, annual rate of production
b. annual rate of production, ultimate production
c. total reserves, amount extracted
10 points
Question 25
Hubbert's analysis for petroleum production in the lower 48 states, based on ultimatereserves of 200 billion barrels, suggested that domestic oil production would peak aroundthe year
a. 1978
b. 1970
c. 1965
10 points
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Question 26
According to the film "Crude Awakening", the "hydrogen economy" could arrive, aftertechnological development, in about
1. 10 to 20 years
2. 20 to 30 years
3. 100 years
4. 40 years
10 points
Question 27
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is a group of internationalscientists working together to conduct basic research on climate change.
True
False
10 points
Question 28
If all nations consumed power at the same rate (per capita) as North America, the total
energy demand for the planet would be _________ terawatts.
10 points
Question 29
Because of the greenhouse effect, the average surface temperature of the earth is
a. 47F
b. 59F
c. 65F
d. 72F
10 points
67.8
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Question 30
Without the greenhouse effect afforded by our atmosphere, the average surfacetemperature of the earth would be
Answer
a. about -10 F
b. about 32 F
c. about 10 F
d. about 0F
10 points
Question 31
What organization is the largest energy user in the world?
Answer
1. United States government
2. the military
3. Chinese industry
10 points
Question 32
In 1975, M. King Hubbert gave an interview and demonstrated a 12% efficient solar cellwhich he suggested holds promise for meeting energy demand after the peak in oilproduction.
True
False
10 points
Question 33
According to Matt Simmons, the "last great frontiers" of oil discovery are ahead of us.
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True
False
10 points
Question 34
What are the APPROXIMATE levels of per capita energy usage in Middle East : Europe: North America?
Answer
1. 1,000 : 2,000 : 5,000 Watts/person
2. 1,500 : 3,000 : 7,500 Watts/person
3. 2,000 : 4,000 : 8,000 Watts/person
4. 2,500 : 5,000 : 10,000 Watts/person
10 points
Question 35
The thermal efficiency of a simple Rankine cycle is
Answer
a. about 15% - 20%
b. about 20% - 30%
c. about 30% - 40%
d. about 40% - 50%
10 points
Question 36
The variations in the earths orbit and inclination alone, which occur over tens ofthousands of years, can explain the temperature variations seen on the planet over the last400,000 years.
True
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False
10 points
Question 37
According to a scenario envisioned by Richard Alley, renewable energy sources couldconstitute _____ of global energy needs by 2030.
1. 25%
2. 33%
3. 50%
4. over 60%
10 points
Question 38
Richard Alley...(check all that apply)
1. has a daughter
2. goes to church on Sunday
3. is a professor at Penn State
4. plays soccer
5. is a Republican
10 points
Question 39
According to Richard Alley, solar energy holds promise to supply _________ of ourcurrent global energy needs.
1. 25%
2. 100%
3. 200 times
4. 11,000 times
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10 points
Question 40
What is the source of energy trapped in fossil fuels? Blank 1
10 points
Question 41
Below is a chart showing percentage growth in cumulative production versus cumulativeproduction for UK coal. Also shown is an equation for a curve fit to the lower part of theline. Based on this information, what is the ultimate amount of coal recoverable?
1. 28,254 Mt
2. 27,437 Mt
3. 26,743 Mt
4. 25,237 Mt
10 points
Question 42
M. King Hubbert worked for Shell Oil Company in the 1950s
True
False
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10 points
Question 43
According to the film "Crude Awakening", wind energy holds great promise for
delivering a significant fraction of energy in the future.
True
False
10 points
Question 44
According to Richard Alley, wind energy holds promise to supply _________ of ourcurrent global energy needs.
1. 25%
2. 100%
3. 78 times
4. 200 times
10 points
Question 45
According to Richard Alley, the world's "biofuel" use is ______% of the total worldenergy budget.
1. 5
2. 10
3. 13
4. 18
5. 22
10 points
Question 46
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According to Richard Alley, the world's fossil fluel use is ______% of the total worldenergy budget.
1. 62
2. 68
3. 72
4. 78
5. 84
10 points
Question 47
What is the cost per gallon to transport fuel to remote bases in Afghanistan?
1. $50/gallon
2. $100/gallon
3. $200/gallon
4. $300/gallon
5. $400/gallon
10 points
Question 48
There are about 7 billion people on the planet. What number of them are without accessto energy and clean fuels
1. 1 billion
2. 1.5 billion
3. 2 billion
4. 2.5 billion
10 points
Question 49
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According to Richard Alley, what organization performed much of the basic researchconfirming water vapor and carbon dioxide as greenhouse gases?
1. IPCC
2. Greenpeace
3. House Unamerican Activities Committee
4. Department of Defense (military)
10 points
Question 50
Who is this guy?
1. Matt Simmons, Energy Investment Banker
2. Roscoe Bartlett, U. S. Congressman
3. David Goodstein, Professor of Physics
4. Colin Campbell, Oil Geologist
10 points
Question 51
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Who is this guy?
1. Roscoe Bartlett, U. S. Congressman
2. David Goodstein, Professor of Physics
3. Matt Simmons, Energy Investment Banker
4. Colin Campbell, Oil Geologist
10 points
Question 52
Who is this guy?
1. Colin Campbell, Oil Geologist
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2. Roscoe Bartlett, U. S. Congressman
3. Matt Simmons, Energy Investment Banker
4. David Goodstein, Professor of Physics
10 points
Question 53
Who is this guy?
1. Colin Campbell, Oil Geologist
2. Roscoe Bartlett, U. S. Congressman
3. David Goodstein, Professor of Physics
4. Matt Simmons, Energy Investment Banker
10 points
Question 54
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Who is this gal?
1. Vickie Anne Staples, Research Biologist (Cal Tech)
2. Jenna Johnson, Oil Geologist (Purdue)
3. Terry Lynn Karl, Political Scientist (Stanford)
4. Mary Lynn Jones, Social Scientist (Baylor)
10 points
Question 55
The fissile material in most nuclear power reactors is U-238 (uranium isotope 238).
True
False
10 points
Question 56
In a chain reaction, generation and control of escaping electrons is key to sustaining thereaction.
True
False
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10 points
Question 57
Reactors fueled with enriched uranium can be moderated with
a. deuterium
b. heavy water
c. ordinary water
10 points
Question 58
What is the concentration of fissile uranium is needed for light water reactors?
Answer
1. 99.3%
2. 2%-3%
3. 0.7%
4. 0%
10 points
Question 59
What is the concentration of fissile uranium found in nature?
Answer
1. 99.3%
2. 2%-3%
3. 0.7%
4. 0%
10 points
Question 60
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Which of the following are functions of the control rods in a nuclear reactor? (check allthat apply)
1. slow fast neutrons
2. maintain "critical" condition
3. cool the reaction
4. stop reaction completely
10 points
Question 61
Boron and cadmium are materials that are used to make control rods for nuclear reactors.
True
False
10 points
Question 62
How much energy is released when uranium 236 decays into krypton and barium?
1. about 10 eV
2. about 200 MeV
3. about 226 J
4. about 2.4 kJ
10 points
Question 63
Fast breeder reactors are not used in the United States due to nuclear proliferationconcerns. What fissile material is produced in fast breeder reactors?
1. Uranium
2. Krypton
3. Barium
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4. Plutonium
10 points
Question 64
Upon fission of a uranium atom, "fast" neutrons are released which, if not moderated,would escape the fuel assembly without causing further fissions.
True
False
10 points
Question 65
Which of these uranium isotopes are fissile?
1. U238
2. U239
3. U237
4. U235
10 points
Question 66
How many neutrons are released (on average) when uranium 236 decays into krypton andbarium?
1. about 1
2. about 2.5
3. about 3
4. variable but more than 4
10 points
Question 67
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What component of a nuclear reactor is responsible for creation of thermal neutrons fromfast neutrons?
1. moderator
2. non-fissile fuel
3. coolant
4. control rods
10 points
Question 68
Match each person with their occupation
Roscoe Barnett
Colin Campbell
Matt Simmons
David Goodstein
AnswerA. Physics Professor
B. investment banker
C. oil geologist
D. Congressman from Maryland
10 points
Question 69
Match each person with a publication they authored
Colin Campbell
David Goodstein
Terry Lynn Karl
Matt Simmons
Answer
A. Twilight in the Desert: The Coming SaudiOil Shock and the World Economy
B. The Paradox of Plenty: Oil Booms and thePetro-States
C. Out of Gas: The End of the Age of Oil
D. The End of Cheap Oil
10 points
Question 70
According to Josh Fox, the 2005 Energy Bill exempts oil and gas industry from (check allthat apply)
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Safe Drinking Water Act
Clean Air Act
Superfund Law
Clean Water Act
10 points
Question 71
In what year was the Clean Water Act signed into law?
1968
1972
1976
1982
10 points
Question 72
Which American President signed the Clean Water Act into law?
Lyndon Johnson
Richard Nixon
Jimmy Carter
Ronald Reagan
10 points
Question 73
In the film, Gasland, Josh Fox first visits multiple homeowners in the Dimock, PA areathat claim water quality problems began only after fracking operations commenced intheir area.
True
False
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10 points
Question 74
Josh Fox says that Dick Cheney asked ______________________ to find new ways to
make public lands available for oil and gas exploration.
the Bureau of Land Management
the Office of Indian Affairs
the National Parks Association
the Department of the Interior
10 points
Question 75
According to Josh Fox, fracking fluid is a mixture of over ________ different chemicals.
431
293
1,048
596
10 points
Question 76
According to Josh Fox, each new well requires ______________ gallons of water to drill.
more than 10,000,000
less than 2,000,000
between one and seven million
about 20,000
10 points
Question 77
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According to Josh Fox, about _____________ of the hydraulic fluid that is pumped intothe well in fracking is recovered.
Answer
about halfabout 90%
only 25%
most
10 points
Question 78
Josh Fox talked to folks in Wyoming that have glycol ethers in their water well.
True
False
10 points
Question 79
According to Josh Fox, the "Halliburton Loophole" in the Safe Drinking Water
exempts oil and gas industry from litigation related to water quality issues
removed EPA oversight of oil and gas drilling operations
releases oil and gas industry from most regulatory oversight
allows injection of fluids for hydrualic fracturing directly into or adjacent tounderground drinking water supplies.
10 points
Question 80
Hydraulic fracturing typically begins with a horizontal well bored __________underground.
about 8,000 feet
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about 1 mile
about 1,000 feet
about 2 miles