2013 09-28 Rey Ty Education for Justice

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2013 09-28 Rey Ty Education for Justice

Transcript of 2013 09-28 Rey Ty Education for Justice

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Education for Justice

Dr. Rey TyNorthern Illinois University

Immortal Technique: Poverty of Philosophy https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bURgTLHryrg

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Unity Conference 2013 • The NIU Latino Student Alliance

(LSA) hosts a conference and celebration during Latino Heritage Month 2013. This event is a campus wide collaborative effort to celebrate unity and diversity, as well as feature Freireian inspired social justice work.

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If you are burning to say something, raise your hand,

get recognized, & speak up! Spea

k U

p!

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Education for Justice

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OutlineI. IntroductionII. Justice throughout

HistoryIII. Implications

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Education for Justice

Dr. Rey TyNorthern Illinois University

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Introduction

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What brought you to this specific session on “Education for Justice”?

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DWB

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New Jim Crow1. Racism is

alive2. School-to-

prison pipeline3. Criminal

injusticeMichelle Alexander

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Immigration

Rights to the

Undocumented

Jobs

&

Li

ving

Wag

es!

Civil

Liberties! Women’s

Rights!

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Climate Justice!

Food, Health,

Education

Education for Justice

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Equality &

Progress

Just

ice

!

People

over

Profits

Human &

People’s Rights!

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Peace based on Justice!

Power to the

People!

Education for Justice

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When You Hear the Word Justice•What comes to mind?

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Problem1. Education is not

neutral. By keeping quiet about inequality, educators in effect accept the status quo.

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Problem• Many promote justice without

knowing what it means.

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Problem•Worse, the term “justice”

is not defined.

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Goal1.To provide a

historically & socially grounded discussion of justice

2. link theory with practice

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Questions1. What is “justice”

throughout history?2. Implications to

education & practice?

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Theory & Practice1. Critical pedagogy2. Anti-racist, citizenship, civic,

development, environmental, gender, human rights, peace, intercultural, multicultural, human rights, global, & values education (Flowers, 2007; Osler & Starkey, 1996; Tarrow, 1991).

3. Although they are related, each has different priorities & focus

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Research Process1. Literature review (Torraco,

2005): etymology & genesis of the term from classical to medieval, modern & postmodern times.

2. Analysis, critique, synthesis & implications

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Findings

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Etymology• Justice (n.): mid-12c., "the exercise of authority in

vindication of right by assigning reward or punishment;" also "quality of being fair and just," from Old French justice "justice, legal rights, jurisdiction" (11c.), from Latin iustitia "righteousness, equity," from iustus "upright, just" (see just (adj.)). The Old French word had widespread senses, including "uprightness, equity, vindication of right, court of justice, judge." The word began to be used in English c.1200 as a title for a judicial officer. Meaning "right order, equity" is late 14c. Justice of the peace first attested early 14c. In the Mercian hymns, Latin iustitia is glossed by Old English rehtwisnisse. To do justice to (someone or something) "render fully and fairly showing due appreciation" is from 1670s.

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Justice & Injustice

Pay & Work

Rewards &Punishment

Crime &Punishment

Rights &Duties

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Differences

Good & Evil

Justice &Injustice

Individual Level

Societal Level

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How to View the WorldX Abstract, Immutable Changing

X One Point in Time,

SynchronicDiachronic, Historical

X Deductive Inductive

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Justice throughthe Ages

Ancient Times

MedievalTimes

ModernTimes

Post-Modern

Narratives

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Justice throughthe Ages

Ancient Times

MedievalTimes

ModernTimes

Post-Modern

Narratives

Buddha, Confucius,Sophocles,

Plato,Aristotle

Augustine,Aquinas

Machiavelli,Hobbes, Locke,Rousseau, U.S.Constitution, Marx,

U.N., Rawls

Feminism,Chomsky, Foucault,Habermas

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Problems:Slavery & Gender Inequality

Ancient Times

Magical Thinking

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Problems:Medieval Times

Feudal Relations, Patriarchy &

Superstition

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Problems:Worker Exploitation & Patriarchy

Modern Times

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Chomsky (2012)•Plutonomy (the very few rich) vs. Precariat (the majority living precariously)

Modern Problem

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Problems:Gender, Color, Culture, Religion

Critical Views of

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Problems1. Capitalist Neoliberal Globalization

& International Economic & Financial Crisis

2. Widening rich-poor gap3. Fear: Anti-terrorism, security,

drones, peace movements4. Xenophobia: undocumented,

people of color 5. Islamophobia6. Plutocracy: Financial oligarchy

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Problems•“The New Military Humanism reveals instead a world where victims of human rights violations are either worthy or unworthy. In the case of Turkey, its Kurdish victims of ethnic cleansing are so unworthy that we sell arms to our paying ally to help it accomplish the task. Meanwhile, Serbia, a disorderly miscreant impeding the institution of the U.S.-dominated global system, is the target of impassioned arguments—and bombs—that the UN Declaration on Human Rights must be enforced.” Back Cover of: Noam Chomsky. (1999). The new military humanism. Monroe, ME: Common Courage Press. Back Cover.

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U.S. ViewGlobal View

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U.S.A. is Among 1%

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Act!Howard Zinn: “You never know what spark is going to really result in a conflagration… You have to do things…; you have to light that match,… not knowing how often it’s going to sputter & go out & at what point it’s going to take hold. That’s what happened in the civil-rights movement, & that’s what happens in other movements. Things take a long time. It requires patience, but not a passive patience—the patiences of activism.” Howard Zinn, (2012). The historic unfulfilled promise. San Francisco, CA: City Light Books, p. 11.

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Capitalist ReformHoward Zinn: “…capitalism is an old idea, & one which caused so much misery… We have an educational job to do. We must point out that the only reason capitalism was able to survive in the Western world is that its victims organized—in trade-union movements, in farmers’ movements, in tenants’ movements, in women’s movements, in civil-rights movements—and brought about just enough reforms (the eight-hour day, old-age pensions, higher pay, unemployment insurance, civil-rights laws, women’s suffrage) to stave off revolution & leave capitalism alive, with a surface of great prosperity & a core of economic & cultural sickness.” Howard Zinn, (2012). The historic unfulfilled promise. San Francisco, CA: City Light Books, p. 34.

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Starvation & WarsHoward Zinn: “And we must point out that in the era of capitalism, whatever ‘progress’ was made for new middle classes, starvation remained for most of the world, & national rivalries brought the most murderous wars in history.” Howard Zinn, (2012). The historic unfulfilled promise. San Francisco, CA: City Light Books, p. 34.

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Organize Glocally!Howard Zinn: “So our job today is to organize, to create a vast movement in our country that can link up with popular movements in other countries of the world.” Howard Zinn, (2012). The historic unfulfilled promise. San Francisco, CA: City Light Books, p. 35.

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Democratic RevolutionHoward Zinn: “The irresistible popular movements for change in Czechoslovakia, Poland, East Germany, & elsewhere in Eastern Europe, the great populist surges that toppled the Shah in Iran, Ferdinand Marcos in the Philippines, dictatorships in Latin America; the black movement in South Africa, the Palestinian upsurge in the Occupied Territories—all this is evidence of the potential for democratic revolutions everywhere.” Howard Zinn, (2012). The historic unfulfilled promise. San Francisco, CA: City Light Books, p. 35.

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Democratic RevolutionHoward Zinn: “It should not be impossible to persuade Americans that such a democratic revolution is needed, when wealth is more & more concentrated at the top, when the economy is unhealthy, when we are ridden by homelessness, by frightening violence in our cities, by pervasive drug addiction, by alcoholism, by a deteriorating, poisonous environment —in short, when we show all the signs of a rich but sick society.” Howard Zinn, (2012). The historic unfulfilled promise. San Francisco, CA: City Light Books, p. 35.

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From Arms to PloughshareHoward Zinn: “That agenda is: using the immense wealth that goes each year into the military ($200 billion of the $300 billion, as an arbitrary starting point) & showing in detail how this $200 billion can give us: universal health care, guaranteed housing for everyone, useful work for everyone capable of working, child care for all working mothers, a cleanup of air & water all over the country, subsidies for the arts, a doubling of teachers’ salaries & more.” Howard Zinn, (2012). The historic unfulfilled promise. San Francisco, CA: City Light Books, p. 36.

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People, Not Politicians!Howard Zinn: “Our job is not to give (politicians) a blank check or simply be cheerleaders. It was good that we were cheerleaders while (politicians were) running for office, but it’s not good to be cheerleaders now. Because we want the country to go beyond where it has been in the past. We want to make a clean break from what it has been in the past.” Howard Zinn, (2012). The historic unfulfilled promise. San Francisco, CA: City Light Books, p. 230.

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Two Parties, Same ThreadHoward Zinn: “I had a teacher at Columbia U… name Richard Hofstadter, who wrote a book called The American Political Tradition… he found… that the difference between the liberals & the conservatives, & between Republicans & Democrats, was not a polar difference. There was a common thread that ran through all American history, and all of the presidents—Republican, Democrat, liberal, conservative—followed this thread. The thread consisted of two elements: one, nationalism; and two, capitalism. And Obama is not yet free of that powerful double heritage.” Howard Zinn, (2012). The historic unfulfilled promise. San Francisco, CA: City Light Books, p. 230.

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What We WantHoward Zinn: “People say, ‘What, are you a dreamer?” And the answer is, yes, we’re dreamers We want it all. We want a peaceful world. We want an egalitarian world. We don’t want war. We don’t want capitalism. We want a decent society.” Howard Zinn, (2012). The historic unfulfilled promise. San Francisco, CA: City Light Books, p. 230.

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Help the Banks or People?Howard Zinn: “The banks aren’t poverty-stricken. The CEOs aren’t poverty-stricken. But there are people who are out of work. There are people who can’t pay their mortgages. Let’s take $700 billion & give it directly to the people who need it. Let’s take $1 trillion, let’s take $2 trillion.” Howard Zinn, (2012). The historic unfulfilled promise. San Francisco, CA: City Light Books, p. 231.

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Money to the People!Howard Zinn: “Let’s take this money & give it directly to the people who need it. Give it to the people who have to pay their mortgages. Nobody should be evicted. Nobody should be left with their belongings out on the street.” Howard Zinn, (2012). The historic unfulfilled promise. San Francisco, CA: City Light Books, p. 232.

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Jobs to the People!Howard Zinn: “No—if people need jobs, you don’t give money to the corporations, hoping that maybe jobs will be created. You give people work immediately.” Howard Zinn, (2012). The historic unfulfilled promise. San Francisco, CA: City Light Books, p. 232.

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Conclusion

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Summary1. Justice is a concern

throughout history.2. Meaning changed.3. Classical, Medieval,

Modern, & Post-modern authors have different views.

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Implications•So what?

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Implications1. Justice issues

always change 2. Constantly learn

about current situation

3. Respond to justice issues of the day

4. Pose problems5. Work on solutions6. Safe zone7. Fair treatment8. Humane society

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Implications•Now what?

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JusticeCritique:

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Critique:•Justice is necessary, but not sufficient!

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Now!1. Study &

talk are not enough.

2. We have to act!

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Can’t rely on politicians only

1. Top: Leaders2. Middle: NGOs3. Grassroots

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Ordinary heroes respond to & fight against injustice.

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Car Problem AnalogyEngineers vis-à-vis Mechanics

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Priority Setting1. Cultural & class sensitivity2. Improve minority data3. Partnership & Collaboration

a. Challengesb. Opportunities

4. Research data accessibility5. Intervention: Change

Oriented6. Results

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Peasant Movement

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Labor MovementSo

cial

Rev

olut

ion!

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Anti-Globalization Movement

Social Revolution!

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Women’s & LGBTQ Movement

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Teachers’ ProtestSocial Revolution

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Occupy MovementSocial Revolution!

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Nature Protection Movement

Social Revolution!

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Justice & Peace Movement

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Use alternative pop culture including hip hop to convey message of social progress & change.

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Dream Activists

Social Revolution!

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Work on Our Collective

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Who We Are1. Care for

a. Other peopleb. Nature

2. Share

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Problem Values & SolutionsHegemony Counter-Hegemony Inequality Equality Injustice Justice Colonialism Self-Determination Bondage & Slavery Liberation Othering Respect Genocide Human Rights Competition Cooperation Patriarchy Gender Equality Individualism Communitarianism Objectivity Partisanship Genocide Human Rights Consumerism Prosumerism Exploitation Sharing & Caring for Others & Nature Alienation Engagement “Help” Self-Liberation Privilege Self-Empowerment Militarism Justice & Peace Passivity Action Dictation Dialogue Tyranny People-Power Hate Love

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health care. Proceedings of the Research to Practice Conference. St. Charles, MO: Lindenwood University.5. Bakschanovsky, V. I., Guseinov, A. A., Harchev, A. G., Sogomonov, Y. V., & Titarenko, A. I. (1986). Ethics. Moscow: Progress

Publishers. 6. Bentham, J. (2010). Utilitarianism. Charleston, SC: Nabu Press. 7. Buddha. (1966). The teaching of Buddha. Tokyo: Bukkyō Dendō Kyōkai. 8. Chomsky, N. & Foucault, M. (2006). The Chomsky-Foucault debate on human nature. New York: The New Press. 9. Confucius. (2010). Analects. Oxford: Oxford University Press.10. Curtis, M. (1981). The great political theories, Vol. 1. New Yor: Avon Books. 11. Flowers, N. (Ed.). (2007). Compasito: Manual on human rights education for children. Budapest: Directorate of Youth and Sports of

the Council of Europe. 12. Frolov, I. (Ed.). (1984). Dictionary of philosophy. Moscow: Progress Publishers. 13. Habermas, J. (1984). Theory of communicative action. Volume 1: Reason and the rationalization of society. Ypsilanti, MI: Beacon Press. 14. Hamilton, A., Madison, J. & Jay, J. (1999). The Federalist papers. New York: Mentor.15. Harvey, V. A. (1997). A handbook of theological terms. New York: Touchstone.16. Martin, E. A. (1997). Oxford Dictionary of law. (4th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.17. Machiavelli, N. (2009). The prince. New York: SoHo Books. 18. Online Etymology Dictionary (2010). Justice. Retrieved July 28, 2010 from http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=justice. 19. Osler, A. & Starkey, H. (1996). Teacher education and human rights. London: David Fulton Publishers. 20. Plato. (2009). Gorgias. Charleston, SC: CreateSpace. 21. Plato. (1981). The republic. In M. Curtis (Ed.). The great political theories, Vol. 1. (pp. 34-64). New Yor: Avon Books. 22. Rawls, J. (1958 April). Justice as fairness. The Philosophical Review 67(2), 164-194.23. Rawls, J. (1981). A theory of justice. In M. Curtis (Ed.). The great political theories, Vol. 2. (pp. 457-467). New Yor: Avon Books. 24. Sen, A. (2009). The idea of justice. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.25. Sophocles. (2010). Antigone. (R. Whitelaw, Trans.). Whitefish, MT: Kessinger Publishing, LLC.26. Stewart, W. J. (2006). Collins dictionary of law. (3rd ed.). London: Collins. 27. Tarrow, N. (1991). United States of America: Human rights education: Alternative conceptions. In H. Starkey, (Ed.). Socialisation of

school children and their education for democratic values and human rights (pp. 183-203). Strasbourg, France: Council of Europe. 28. Tong, R. (2008). Feminist thought: A more comprehensive introduction (3rd. ed.). Westview Press.29. Torraco, R. (2005 September). Writing integrative literature reviews: Guidelines and examples. Human Resource Development Review,

4, 356-367.30. United Nations. (2002). Human rights: A compilation of international instruments: Universal instruments. Volume 1 (First part) Universal

instruments. New York and Geneva: United Nations.

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