Post on 07-Nov-2014
04/08/23 RMT553/LECTURE 1/JUN2003 1
ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT
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Organization and The Needs for Management
we are members of one organization or another - a sport team
- a musical group- a civic organization- a religious organization- arm forces
- business
some are formal - army- business
Informal - sports team- musical group
common elements - goals- plan + mobilization of resources- managers/leaders
ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT
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WHY ORGANIZATION IS NEEDED?
Serves society.
Accomplish objectives.
Preserves knowledge.
Organizations provide career.
ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT
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WHY MANAGEMENT IS NEEDED
•TO SERVE ORGANISATIONS•TO GUIDE ORGANISATIONS•TO PLAN FOR ORGANISATION•TO CONTROL ORGANISATION•TO MONITOR ORGANISATION
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SIZE OF ORGANIZATIONS AND COMPLEXITY
SMALL
MEDIUM
LARGE
COMPLEXITY
EMPLOYEE
MANAGEMENT AND ADMIN PROCESS
SALES AND TURNOVER
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
INFORMAL SECTOR
HIGH
LOW
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MNAGEMENT IS AN INTELLECTUAL WORK – people in organization
MAKING IMPORTANT DECISIONS
OrganizationSTYPE, SIZE
GOALS/VALUES
PERFORMANCE
Organizations Growth
In size, diversity, complexity
Management
effectiveness
efficiency
ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT
People
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Organization and Internal Culture
A set of values, belief, understanding
Commonly shared
Management Role:- to shape up culture – management style.
1. Productivity
2. Well being
Organizational Culture & Management Style Have significant impact on 2 fundamental values;
Increase performance
ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT
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Managerial and Organizational Performance
Organizational goal/objectives
Performance is a measure of goals/objective
accomplishment.
Managerial Performance
How well managers do their jobs
ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT
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THE MEASURE OF HOW EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT A MANAGER IS – HOW WELL HE OR SHE DETERMINES TO ACHIEVES
APPROPRIATE OBJECTIVES
ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT
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ORGANIZATION GOALSOBJECTIVES
A MEASURE OF ACHIEVING
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ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS/OBJECTIVES
• PROFIT• PRODUCTIVITY• LESS COST• ON TIME• QUALITY• USEFUL PRODUCTION /SERVICES• CUSTOMERS’ SATISFACTION• ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY• MEETING ECONOMIC OBJECTIVE• MEETING SOCIAL OBJEVTIVE• MEETING ENVIRONMENTAL OBJECTIVE• SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION PROCESS• ETC.
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DOING THINGS RIGHT
DOING THE RIGHT THING
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ORGANIZATION
DEFINITION
Structuring and integrating activities.People and task and cooperation in interdependent relationship.
So Organisation is:
- goal oriented arrangement
- Psychosocial system – people interact in groups
- Technological system
- An integration of structured activities.
ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT
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ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT
EVOLUTION OF ORGANIZATION
SMALL FAMILIES VILLAGES COMMUNITEE FEUDAL NATION
OTHER SOCIALORGANIZATIONS BUSINESS ORGANIZATIONS
MANAGERS & ADMINISTRATORS
MANAGERS
•SMALL•SIMPLE•SINGLE OBJECTIVE
•LARGE•COMPLEX•MULTIPLE OBJECTIVES
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ORGANIZATION CHART
CEO
MANAGER MANAGER MANAGER MANAGER
ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT
TOP
MIDDLE
BOTTOM
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ENVIRONMENT
1 2
4 3
5
INPUT
OUTPUT
1. Goal & values sub-system
2. Technical sub-system
3. Structural sub-system
4. Pschosocial sub-system
5. Managerial sub-sistem
ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT
ENVIRONMENT
ENVIRONMENT
ORGANIZATION AS A SYSTEM
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MANAGEMENT
Many authors defined management differently due to differ in perceptive and backgound. Till today there is no definition that can be regarded as comprehensive and totally acceptable at all situation.
(i) As a process where a group of people cooperate and coordinate their actions to achieve the same goal. - Massie, J.L., Essentials of Management….
ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT
DEFINITIONS
(iI) As a process of planning, organizing, leading and controlling the work of organization members and of using all available resources to reach stated organizational goals. - J.A.F. Stoner, Management, 1982.
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All the above definitions shows that:
They are different; Emphasize different things; Overlapping term;
But, The keyword is: A PROCESS
Management is a process of integrating resources (human, plants, materials) which are unrelated to become a system so that organizational goals can be achieved effectively.
ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT
DEFINITION ctd
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MANAGEMENT CONCEPT
MANAGEME
N T
Management Process
ForecastingPlanning
OrganizingCoordinating
ControllingMotivating Monitoring
Resources
HumanPlants
Materials
Achieving Organization
Goals
ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT
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LEVEL OF MANAGEMENT
First line Managers
Functional managers
strategic
coordinative
operative
top
middle
bottom
ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT
CEOs
Environment
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FUNCTIONAL & GENERAL MANAGER
General Manager (GM)
Functional Management
Functional Management
Functional Management
Functional Management
Functional Management
ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT
First-line ManagersFirst-line Managers
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ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT
TopManagers
MiddleManagers
First-lineManagers
Planning28%
Organizing36%
Leading22%
Controlling14%
Planning18%
Organizing33%
Leading36%
Controlg13%
Planning15%
Organizing24%
Leading51%
Controlg10%
Percentage Spent on Functional Activities by Organizational Level
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Skills For Effective Performance
Top
Human
Conceptual
Technical
BottomMiddle
Human
Conceptual
Technical
Human
Conceptual
Technical
ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENTIS
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A role consists of the behaviour patterns expected of an individual within a social unit.
Interpersonal Roles
Figurehead Leader Liaison
Informational Role
Monitor Disseminator Spokesman
Decision Role
Entrepreneur Resource Allocator Negotiator
MANAGERIAL ROLES
ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT
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ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT
The Challenge of Management
Preparing for the Future
Management may rely heavily on Human Skills & Conceptual Skills
Major Changes Includes:•Paradigm Shifts•Chaos Theory•Workplace Diversity•Merger & Acquisition•Not-for-profit Organization•Globalization
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ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT
The Challenge of Management
Paradigm ShiftsIt is a mind-set that presents a fundamental
way of thinking, perceiving and understanding the world.
• Watch Technology• Travel Technology• Construction Procurement System
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ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT
The Challenge of Management
Chaos Theory
•The Existence of Randomness & Disorder•Unpredictable
Shifting Paradigm from
Predictable and control future eventsTo
Flexible, adaptable & stay connected with customers and environment.
Managers concern more on Facilitating teams and managing overall pattern
ThanDetailed planning and controlling
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ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT
The Challenge of ManagementWorkplace Diversity
Organization must learn to Welcome Diverse people at the Upper Ranks
• Different Sex• Different Race• Different Nationality• Internet
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ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT
The Challenge of ManagementMerger and Acquisitions
Mergers and Reorganizations are seen as an Opportunity for Companies to become more efficient.
Managers must be flexible to work for New Bosses
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ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT
The Challenge of Management
Globalization
Managers need to think Globally because are enmeshed withForeign competitors, suppliers, and customers.
•AFTA•NAFTA•EU
Successful managers of tomorrow will be able to cross borders, will be good at language, and will
Understand cultural differences. Global experience is a prize asset of
the managers of tomorrow.
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MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATION
Internal Culture
Size, diversity, complexity
ORGANIZATION
Management
GOALS
- Productivity
- Well being
Different styles
Manager
Quality Strength
Performance
Permanent &Temporary
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TENDER
CONSTRUCTION – A PROCESS
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COST
TIME
QUALITY
And other Intagibles
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PROJECT SUCCESS/PERFORMANCE COST TIME QUALITY COMMERCIAL VALUE (PROFIT) ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE USER EXPECTATION/SATISFACTION PARTICIPANTS SATISFACTION HEALTH AND SAFETY
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MULTIPLE INPUT PROCESS
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PROJECTOBJECTIVEMANAGEMENT
VARIOUSINPUT
PROJECT MANAGEMENT – AN ORGANISATION
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PROJECT MANAGEMENT - A PROCESS
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FORECASTING PLANNING ORGANISING
COORDINATION COMMUNICATION
MANAGEMENT PROCESS AT PREDESIGN
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PLANNING ORGANISING
COORDINATIONCOMMUNICATION
MANAGEMENT PROCESS AT DESIGN STAGE
MOTIVATION
CONTROL
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ORGANISE
COORDINATION COMMUNICATION
MANAGEMENT PROCESS AT COSTRUCTION STAGE
CONTROL
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PLANNING ORGANISING
CORDINATIONCOMMUNICATION
MANAGEMENT PROCESS AT OCCUPATION STAGE
MOTIVATION
CONTROL
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PLANNING VS CONTROLLING IN CONSTRUCTION
PLANNINGCONTROLLING
HIGH
LOW
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ASSIGNMENT 1DUE DATE: 3 WEEKS (15 MARCH 2012, 4.30PM, OFFICE HBP)
WHAT IS MANAGEMENT PROCESS? DEFINE EACH ELEMENT OF
MANAGEMENT PROCESS? HOW THESE ELEMENTS OF
MANAGEMENT PROCESS INVOLVE IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS?
WHY PLANNING AND FORECASTING ARE IMPORTANT TO THE TOP MANAGEMENT?
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