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Influence of Fluoride on Rat Intestinal Bacteria and Epithelial Cells

Raj K Upreti & A Kannan Biomembrane Di vis ion, Industri al Tox icology Research Centre, P. O. Box 80

M G Marg, Lucknow - 226001

Abstract

Fluorides occur naturally in the earths' crust where they are found in rocks, coal, clay and soil. They are released into the air and water also from industri es like coal-fired power pl ants, aluminium smelters, fertili zer plants, glass, brick and tile works and plastic factor ies. Chronic fluoride ingestion can lead to skeletal fluorosis, teeth molting, gastro intestinal pain, nausea and vomit ing. Following oral adm in istration, the prime si te of interaction is the epithelium of intestine and the gut micro fl ora. In the present study, the ill situ effect of sodium fluoride was carried out on rat intestinal epithelial ce ll lining, and the ill vitro effec t on a facultati ve gut bacteria Ecoli. In testinal loops were fill ed with sodium tluoride solutions (0,24,48 and 96 mM ) and incubated in situ for 30 min . Results revealed a concentration-dependent increase of alkaline phosphatase and cholesterol in the luminal tluid indicating the release of enzyme and sterol from the epitheli al ceil membrane. Concomitant decline these in the brush border preparati ons were also ev ident. Ca2+- Mg2+_ ATPase ac tiviti es of brush border also found to be declined . III vitro effect of fl uoride on E coli also revealed a concentration-dependent decline in growth parameters. These results indicate substantial damage to the epithelial ceil membrane and gut Ecoli with higher tluoride concen trations.

*~ t! ~I Author for correspondence

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2 ~ vfr qc;r, CM7HCf)['I crRfHCf»)['ITvfi. 18 ( 1981) 531-531.

3 Cf1t;r \3ffi -gr, ~~fR;rr CJ: cf;, ~ 7 ( 1974) 177- 181 .

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q}mcAfiJ<ti vr#r; 188 ( 1980) 137-14 0.

5 . ~~, iff#r JlTrri wifChi'17m['lTvfi ([US 5/1./<t7fiJrm, 3 ( 1980)

85.

(j JruTr1 ~ QJ1 cf; ~ C!H <IT <n{ m, ((CR1'7if9T1JT, 38 ( 1982) 369.

7 ~ 'J\t ci1, cfM -gr <ITiJ:'(t~;iJ m, ~ JIfrFi ~ JIfrFi

Q,cH/fJR42rt ~ ([US i!ZftR; 115 ( 1964) 295-298.

8 lJ,0ITffi T:!;l) l:!7'l ql('1 I ~('1IS1 \if-\3111, ~ 361 (2003) 5 12-5 19.

9 ~~fr 1:1; 1:1;, ~ \]111 Cff l:!7'l1ffi1JT \if l01', aCf{1lffla mf.frr ~ Fr ~':rZI R~\~ ffiRJ:T (~ .~ \3rr{ l:!7'l ~ en \if) ~, ~, ( 1984) 1-22.

I 0 ~ \if, (W;::rFct?iwrtTc;f) ([US Q,'iCl/2J(42rt WFtr; 25 ( 1993)

33-4 0.

II ~;;IT;;IT, ~ Q;(1 Q!f l:!7'l \3l1 ~~d "l lil( ct \if, 1/Jici?fiit"?/ vr#r, 106 (1 968) 381-386.

12 ~ Q!f Q!f, vr#r JTJf!i 1/Jirt1MChrt #im!'r, 248 ( 1973)

2536-254 0.

13 ~ ill, ~ Q!f ~ l:!7'l ~ \3111, #fr;r Ji1rli 114irt7MChrt cIifi'Rtt. 258 (1983) 13937-1 3945.

14 ~ W l01', 'b\ifW Cff~, qm q: ~ l:!7'l ~ \3111 \if, ~ .J{Tq) 1/Jirtr!v1C/irt cfifir@; 193 (195 1) 265-275.

15 ~ ,\if, ffi:r Q!f l:!7'l ~ ;;IT l01'~, vr#r J!7'rri 1/Q/rtrMChrt cIifi'Rtt. 226. (1957) 497-509.

16 ~ lJ,'J, ~ 1:1;, ~ \if l:!7'l ~ ~, vr#r JTJf!i

fr#its rmtr, 3 (1962) 177,, 180,

~ j : I ; : ~ ", .

;}: '

: ',1

137

17 V\"1 1 ~<'flfchfi 1:1; ;:;rrcn <IT l:!7'l ~ 1:1; \if, vr#r J71ro ~ CM/f.'!Chrt i!ZftR; 41 ( 1953) 486-492.

18 C§;lT\' Q!f l:!7'l \%fr \3ffi ct, {Ch/;::rFct?iCh/rtrv!1 ([US Q, 'iCi/4(42rt WFtr; 47 (2002) 246-252 .

1 9~ :~~ T:!;l) ~, ~ l01' { l:!7'l WRn: \if m, vr#r JTJf!i W$M,

79 ( 1963) 25 1-256.

20 <R;;IT cfr, 1/4/RhfiiCh/ 1/Jif2hfrtCh/ fFRT, 59 ( 1962) 347-354 .

2 1 ~TT% \3ffi 1J;l1l:!7'l fcgq{ 1:1; Q!f, Q,'iCl/2J(42rt fRrcf, 41 (1986)

388-392.

22 nChe.,1~1 {, m Q}J Q!f l:!7'l ~ ~ {, ~ J!1rFi JiTrr;r . ~, 10 (1965) 107-11 8.

23 <m1 iT ct l:!7'l ~~ft\;rr 1:1; ct, Q, 'iClI4(42rt fRrcf, 62 ( 1993)

14-1 8.

24 <m1 iT ct, ~~ft\;rr 1:1; ct l:!7'l ~ \3rr{ cfr, vr#r JflTJi cMlRChrt iJt"?/Q,rr;/rtrc;f), 18 ( 1994) 194-1 99 .

25 1fT ~ Q}J, ",ifRlJ ql'i en, '1 \3rr{ 'Il:!7'l ~ QJ1, ~ J!7'rri Q,'iCl/4(Q2rt CfYcWRW'i' ([US dCRfiWrtr.JI/, 48 (1992) 230-236.

26 finFsT 1J;l1 ;;IT l:!7'l ~ ct, .~ J!1rFi L!,'iCl/2J(Q2rt ~$R ([US dCfmCh/riTc;f), ,56 ( 1996) 1000- 1007.

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