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ENI-AEGIS TRIBAL OVERVIEW IN AZ-ZUBAIR AREA
INITIAL REPORT
Tribal groupings play an integral role in everyday life in Iraq and a large proportion of the
population identify themselves and their families with some form of tribal membership. Tribal
leaders are in general influential in all aspects of Iraqi life and, on occasion, exert influence over
political, paramilitary, religious and criminal matters.
The az-Zubair oilfield however area stands out from most of Iraq in two main ways
• most of the area is extremely sparsely populated and no one tribe exerts overall
influence! and,
• land ownership mainly lies with the government,
The sum of the impact of these two exceptions for the area of the az-Zubair oilfield is to reduce
the significance of tribes. In large areas of the az-Zubair oilfield there is no single tribal head
whom an outside agency could approach to begin meaningful discussions about employment,
land or compensation. This does not simplify things "as it would at first sight appear to# as the
tribal groupings still exist and they will still desire they$re %share$ of any wor&, money or other
benefit available.
'aving spo&en to several local sta&eholders and other I()s, the most efficient and effective
manner of approaching tribal &ey sta&eholder engagement in the az-Zubair oilfield area would
appear to be through the elected az-Zubair town council. In this model, the council would act as
intermediaries, coordinators and enablers. This would provide several benefits
• There is a single point of reference for requests, complaints and negotiations.
• It would tap into the council$s extensive &nowledge of tribes and personalities.
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PREAMBLE
This report has been compiled from *ecurity +iaison Team reports, interviews with
local sta&e-holders and from open and other sources. It is an initial report and should
be viewed as a wor& in progress or so-called living document.
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• It would add legitimacy to the democratically elected authorities and to the outside agency$s
intentions.
• ny unpopular decisions "and there will inevitably be some# will be seen as being at one
remove from the outside agency.
• acilitate coordination with other local agencies.
The main disadvantage would clearly be that there may be individual agendas at wor& in the
council. This however, would certainly be the case anyway were attempts to be made to
approach tribes independently. In fact each tribe would bring their own agenda to the table and
any attempt to please one would cross another and vice versa.
nnexes
(verview of Tribal *tructure.
asrah /rovince 0ain Tribes and /ersonalities.
) az Zubair (ilfield Tribes 1 /ictorial 2epresentation.
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Annex A to
APO Tribes Fsion Initi!"
#$ %ne #&'&
O(er(ie) o* T+e Trib!" Str,tre'
The most basic unit of Iraqi tribal structure is called the 3hams or extended family. 3hams
consist of all male children who share the same great-great grandfather. (f all the levels of tribal
organization, the 3hams remains the most vital. (nce the 3hams structure is bro&en, a tribal
society is no longer in place. In a family unit, before a woman gets married, she is a member of
her father$s tribe. If a man$s daughter marries outside the clan or tribe, he no longer has the
benefit of her or her sons, who could one day increase the clan$s strength. This explains why
marriages between first cousins in traditional tribal society are common. (ther levels of the tribal
organization consists of the following
• A biet or .+ose/ is similar to a 3hams. It can resemble a single, vast extended family
with hundreds of members. number of 4houses5 form a clan, or fa&hdh.
• A 0ro1 o* ,"!ns form an %ashira, or tribal organization. or example, in allu6a, the tribe
named for the town "i.e., the al-allu6iyyin# has 78 clans, according to Iraqi genealogical
charts from the 79:;s. Tribes can vary widely in size, ranging from a few thousand to more
than a million members.
• A 0ro1 o* tribes forms a confederation, or qabila. *addam 'ussein$s l-bu
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Annex B to
APO Tribes Fsion Initi!"
#$ %ne #&'&
B!sr!+ Pro(in,e M!in Tribes !n4 Person!"ities
Tribes in the city of asrah are highly complex with several tribal groupings occupying relatively
small areas or co-habiting districts. This frequently leads to disagreements between the groups
and tribal feuding. Individual families within a tribe are frequently uncontrollable by the upper
echelons of the tribe as a whole. This is a primary cause of internal feuds and alliances with
other families.
prime example is the ?eramsha tribe located in northern asrah. This tribe, due to the criminal
bent of a number of its families, is frequently awash with internal feuds and disputes! however, in
times when the tribe as a whole has been threatened, the entire tribe groups together in order to
defeat the aggressor.
asrah /rovince is predominantly populated by *hia! however, tribal confederations are &nown to
contain a mixture of *hia and *unni groupings. The *adun tribe is an extremely influential *unnitribe and historically acted as the eyes and ears for the former regime. 'owever, the
predominantly *hia, ani 0ali& confederation were also highly favoured.
The ma6or confederations within asrah /rovince are listed in the following paragraphs. @ach
confederation is briefly summarised.
The ani +am )onfederation
The ani +am )onfederation is based predominantly in 0aysan, to the north of l marah, but is
also represented in smaller numbers in aghdad, l Aurna, l 0usharra, asrah, l 0uthanna
and *audi rabia. The confederation is composed of approximately B;;,;;; members and is
one of the largest and most influential *hia )onfederations.
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P5OTO NAME TRIBE AREA OF INFLUENCE
Sheikh Sabeh EasaKaid Al Alzubadi
Bani Lam asrah )ity
Sheikh Abdul SalamAbdul Muhsin Armash
Bani Lam
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(ther asah /rovince Tribes
P5OTO NAME TRIBE AREA OF INFLUENCE
Sheikh Sabeh Easa KaidAl Alzubadi
Bani Lam Basra City
Sheikh Sheiaa Al Fleh Halluf
amal !arz"rAl Su#aid Mashara
Sheikh asim Malik Sayib Al Kaib SE Basra
Sheikh Abdul SalamAbdul Muhsin Armash
Bani Lam N"rthern Basra$
Shayikh Bashar KathimAl Lami
Bani %akibBadrah $ &asit
'r"(in)e
Sheikh Sabah Faris Musin
al Badr
Albu Salih Badrah
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Ali Niamah Kumar Al*Maksus
Maksusi Burhan Al*A#id
Abd al Hadi al Mayuf Bani Said S"utheast Basrah
Shayikh Najm Dulla Bani Lam Kandalan
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Annex C to
APO Tribes Fsion Initi!"
#$ %ne #&'&
A6-Zb!ir Oi"*ie"4 7 Trib!" Pi,tori!" Re1resent!tion
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