Post on 20-Jan-2016
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6-4The American Revolution
1776-1783
The War is Won
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Change in Plans
Washington knew the British army was camped in Yorktown, Virginia and that Marquis de Lafayette had them surrounded.
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In August 1781, Washington learned that the French navy was headed toward Yorktown so he decided to attack the British at Yorktown so he would have the extra help. Washington's troops marched 200 miles in 15 days.
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The Siege of Yorktown
Washington’s plan worked perfectly and the British were thoroughly confused. By the end of September, 14,000 American and French troops had trapped Cornwallis's 7,500 British and Hessian troops at Yorktown.
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On October 9 the Americans and French began a tremendous bombardment.
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British supplies were low, and many of the British soldiers were wounded or sick. Cornwallis finally surrendered on October 19, 1781.
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YorktownOver the bridge, Over the hill, Down
around,To Yorktown (last battle)
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Independence
The fighting did not end completely after Yorktown, even though the British realized it was futile to keep fighting.
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Both sides sent delegates to Paris to work out a treaty. Benjamin Franklin,
John Adams, and John Jay represented the United States.
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The American Congress ratified the treaty in April 1783. The final Treaty of Paris was signed on September 3, 1783. By that time Britain had also made peace with France and Spain.
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In the Treaty of Paris Great Britain agreed……to recognize the United States as an
independent nation …on the boundaries of the United States…to withdraw their troops …to give Americans the right to fish
off the coast of Canada
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Look carefully this is
a test question!
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The United States agreed…
…that British merchants could collect debts owed by Americans
…to return property taken from Loyalists
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Washington's Farewell
On December 4 Washington said farewell to his officers at a tavern in Manhattan. "With a heart full of love andgratitude, I now take my leave of you.“
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Three weeks later Washington formally resigned from the army. He returned to his home, Mount Vernon, in time for Christmas. He planned to live out his life quietly with his family.
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ENGLANDRemember this? UNITED STATESApproximately
12,000,000
Approximately 2,800,000 (many loyal to England)
Highly developed
and flourishing
Practically none
Richest country
in the World
No money to support the war effort
Large, well-trained army plus mercenary
Hessians
All volunteer forces - willing to fight but poorly equipped
Few officers capable of leading
Many dedicated & able officers plus foreign leaders
Strange land with long distances to base of
supplies
Familiar land with easy access to limited
supplies
Strongest navy in the world
No Navy
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Despite overwhelming odds, the Americans won the Revolution because it was a people's movement. Its outcome depended not on any one battle or event but on the determination and spirit of all the Patriots.
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Autumn 1780 September 1781 October 19, 1781 September 1783
August 1781 October 9, 1781 April 1783 December 1783
1780 178417821781 1783
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Fact Bank:
A. At Yorktown, 14,000 American and French troops trap Charles Cornwallis’s 7,500 British and Hessian troops.
SEPTEMBER 1781
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Autumn 1780 September 1781 October 19, 1781 September 1783
August 1781 October 9, 1781 April 1783 December 1783
1780 178417821781 1783
A
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Fact Bank:
B. George Washington says farewell to his troops at Fraunces’ Tavern in Manhattan.
DECEMBER 1783
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Autumn 1780 September 1781 October 19, 1781 September 1783
August 1781 October 9, 1781 April 1783 December 1783
1780 178417821781 1783
A
B
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Fact Bank:
C. After learning that Admiral Francois de Grasse is heading toward Chesapeake Bay, Washington secretly leads his troops south to Yorktown.
AUGUST 1781
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Autumn 1780 September 1781 October 19, 1781 September 1783
August 1781 October 9, 1781 April 1783 December 1783
1780 178417821781 1783
A
BC
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Fact Bank:
D. American Congress ratifies the preliminary treaty.
APRIL 1783
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Autumn 1780 September 1781 October 19, 1781 September 1783
August 1781 October 9, 1781 April 1783 December 1783
1780 178417821781 1783
A
BC D
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Fact Bank:
E. Realizing the hopelessness of the situation, Cornwallis surrenders.
OCTOBER 19, 1781
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Autumn 1780 September 1781 October 19, 1781 September 1783
August 1781 October 9, 1781 April 1783 December 1783
1780 178417821781 1783
A
BC D
E
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Fact Bank:
F. Washington camps north of New York City, waiting for a second fleet of French ships to arrive.
NO DATE GIVEN IN THE READING
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Fact Bank:
G. The Battle of Yorktown begins as the American and French bombard British troops.
OCTOBER 9, 1781
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Autumn 1780 September 1781 October 19, 1781 September 1783
August 1781 October 9, 1781 April 1783 December 1783
1780 178417821781 1783
A
BC D
E
G
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Fact Bank:
H. The final Treaty of Paris is signed, defining the borders of the United Sates and giving Americans the right to fish off the coast of Canada.
SEPTEMBER 1783
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Autumn 1780 September 1781 October 19, 1781 September 1783
August 1781 October 9, 1781 April 1783 December 1783
1780 178417821781 1783
A
BC D
E
G
H
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Autumn 1780 September 1781 October 19, 1781 September 1783
August 1781 October 9, 1781 April 1783 December 1783
1780 178417821781 1783
A
BC D
E
G
HF