Post on 27-Dec-2015
THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION (1775-
1783)
Aim: What acts of Parliament lead to increased tensions between Britain and
the American colonies? Stamp Act 1765:
Required colonists to purchase special stamped paper for every legal document, license, newspaper, pamphlet, almanac
Imposed stamp duties on playing cards and dice
Aim: What acts of Parliament lead to increased tensions between Britain and
the American colonies? Stamp Act Protests:
Sons of Liberty organized to secretly protest the Stamp Act Samuel Adams
Colonial Assemblies pass laws to circumvent Stamp Act
Stamp Act Congress: issued the Declaration of rights and Grievances Stated that Parliament lacked the
power to impose taxes on the colonies because colonists were not represented in Parliament
Boycott British goods 1776 Parliament repeals the Stamp
Act
Aim: What acts of Parliament lead to increased tensions between Britain and
the American colonies? Declaratory Act
1766: asserted Parliament’s full right to make laws that have the power to bind the colonies in all cases
Aim: What acts of Parliament lead to increased tensions between Britain and
the American colonies? Townshend Acts
1767: Indirect taxes levied on
imported materials Ex: glass, lead, paint,
paper Mostly importantly tea
Colonial reaction: Boycott
British reaction: Stationed British troops
in Boston
Aim: What acts of Parliament lead to increased tensions between Britain and
the American colonies? Boston Massacre
1770
Aim: What acts of Parliament lead to increased tensions between Britain and
the American colonies? Boston Tea Party 1773:
Tea Act- East India Company given concessions in colonial tea business
Shuts out colonial merchants
Aim: What acts of Parliament lead to increased tensions between Britain and
the American colonies? Intolerable Acts:
1774 Shut down Boston harbor Quartering Act:
authorized British commanders to house soldiers in vacant private homes
General Thomas Gage appointed the new governor of Massachusetts Martial law: rule imposed
by military forces
Aim: How did the tensions between Britain and the colonists lead to start of
the American Revolution? First Continental
Congress 1774 56 delegates Philadelphia Declaration of colonial
rights Colonies have the right to
run their own affairs Supported protests British use of force would
should warrant colonial use of force
Agreed to reconvene if demands were not met
Aim: How did the tensions between Britain and the colonists lead to start of
the American Revolution? Fighting at Lexington
and Concord: Minutemen: or civilian
soldiers that began to stockpile firearms and gunpowder
General Gage sends troops toward Concord to investigate the stockpiling of firearms
Paul Revere, William Dawes, Samuel Prescott warn that the British are coming
Battle of Lexington
Aim: How did the tensions between Britain and the colonists lead to start of
the American Revolution?
Aim: How did the tensions between Britain and the colonists lead to start of the American
Revolution?
Second Continental Congress 1775: Goal: Debate colonists next
move John Adams radical plan
(Massachusetts): Each colony set up their
own government Declare colonies
independent Name a general to lead the
Continental Army John Dickenson moderate
plan (Pennsylvania): Called for reconciliation
Aim: How did the tensions between Britain and the colonists lead to start of the American
Revolution?
Second Continental Congress 1775: (cont.) Appointed George
Washington General of the Continental Army
Printing of paper money to pay troops
Committee to deal with foreign nations
Aim: How did the tensions between Britain and the colonists lead to start of the American
Revolution?
Battle of Bunker Hill: 450 colonists die Over 1000 British Deadliest battle of
the war
Aim: How did the tensions between Britain and the colonists lead to start of the American
Revolution?
Aim: How did the tensions between Britain and the colonists lead to start of the American
Revolution?
Olive Branch Petition 1775: Urged a return to
“former harmony” between Britain and colonies
British reaction: King George III
rejected the petition Stated colonies are in
state of rebellion Ordered naval
blockade of American coast
Aim: How did the signing of the Declaration of Independence lead to
opposing factions within the colonies? Thomas Paine’s –
Common Sense: Published
anonymously Called for
independence Economic and social
opportunities for all Increase trade with
foreign nations Creation of a society
free of tyranny
Aim: How did the signing of the Declaration of Independence lead to
opposing factions within the colonies? Thomas Jefferson drafts
the Declaration of Independence: Promotes natural rights of “Life,
Liberty, and the pursuit of happiness”
Government power derived from the governed
Influenced by Enlightenment ideas
Right to abolish governments that challenge unalienable rights
All men are created equal July 4, 1776 Declaration of
Independence adopted
Aim: How did the signing of the Declaration of Independence lead to
opposing factions within the colonies? Loyalists:
those who opposed independence and remained loyal to the Crown
Patriots: supporters of independence
Aim: What were the significant battles of the American Revolution?
Defeat in New York: General William
Howe and Admiral Richard Howe lay siege to New York
Plan was to isolate New England
Washington forced to retreat
Aim: What were the significant battles of the American Revolution?
Battle of Trenton: Victory for
Washington Surprises the
British Hessian (mercenary soldiers)
Aim: What were the significant battles of the American Revolution?
British fight for Philadelphia: General Howe and
the British capture Philadelphia
Continental Congress flees city
Aim: What were the significant battles of the American Revolution?
Battle of Saratoga: American colonists are
victorious General Horatio Gates
General Howe never meets up with General Burgoyne “Gentlemen Johnny”
Result: British troops do not
venture to far inland for the remainder of the war
International aid to American Revolutionaries increase
Aim: What were the significant battles of the American Revolution?
Valley Forge 1777-1778
Aim: How did international aid help the American colonists win the Revolution?
European allies: Friedrich von Steuben
(Prussian) Helped train colonial
soldiers Stand at attention Execute field
maneuvers Fire and reload quickly Wield bayonets
Aim: How did international aid help the American colonists win the Revolution?
European allies: (cont.) Marquis de Lafayette
(French) French reinforces key
to winning the war
Aim: How did international aid help the American colonists win the Revolution?
British change strategy 1778: Shift operations to
southern colonies Goal:
Rally Loyalist support
Reclaim former colonies
Slowly fight way back north
Aim: How did international aid help the American colonists win the Revolution?
British change strategy 1778: (cont.) British success in the
South 1780 General Charles Cornwallis Capture Georgia and South
Carolina British loses in the South
1781 Nathaniel Greene and
Daniel Morgan lead Continental Army Succeed at weaken British
forces Redcoats surrender at
Cowpens, South Carolina
Aim: How did international aid help the American colonists win the Revolution?
British surrender at Yorktown: French
reinforcements help to defeat Cornwallis at Yorktown
October 17, 1781 Cornwallis surrenders
Aim: What were the effects of the American victory in the American Revolution?
Treaty of Paris1783: John Adams, Benjamin
Franklin, and John Jay negotiate treaty
Recognize American independence
Set boundaries of nation Atlantic Ocean to
Mississippi River Canada to Florida
Treaty does not specify when British would evacuate American forts
British could collect debts
Aim: What were the effects of the American victory in the American Revolution?
Impact: Revolutionary ideals set a
new course for American society
Class distinctions began to blur
Rise of egalitarianism Ability, effort, and virtue
No increased rights for women or slaves
Native American interests in jeopardy
Set out to establish a Republic