VOL. CLXIII . . . No. 56,278 © 2013 The New York Times NEW YORK, THURSDAY, OCTOBER 3, 2013

Late EditionToday, partly sunny, warmer thanaverage, high 80. Tonight, patchyclouds, mild, low 64. Tomorrow,clouds, breaks of sun, a stray show-er, high 77. Weather map, Page A26.

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By SABRINA TAVERNISE and ROBERT GEBELOFF

A sweeping national effort toextend health coverage to mil-lions of Americans will leave outtwo-thirds of the poor blacks andsingle mothers and more thanhalf of the low-wage workers whodo not have insurance, the verykinds of people that the programwas intended to help, accordingto an analysis of census data byThe New York Times.

Because they live in stateslargely controlled by Republicansthat have declined to participatein a vast expansion of Medicaid,the medical insurance programfor the poor, they are among theeight million Americans who areimpoverished, uninsured and in-eligible for help. The federal gov-ernment will pay for the expan-sion through 2016 and no lessthan 90 percent of costs in lateryears.

Those excluded will be strand-ed without insurance, stuck be-tween people with slightly higherincomes who will qualify for fed-eral subsidies on the new healthexchanges that went live thisweek, and those who are poorenough to qualify for Medicaid inits current form, which has in-come ceilings as low as $11 a dayin some states.

People shopping for insuranceon the health exchanges are al-ready discovering this bitter

twist.“How can somebody in poverty

not be eligible for subsidies?” anunemployed health care workerin Virginia asked through tears.The woman, who identified her-self only as Robin L. because shedoes not want potential employ-ers to know she is down on herluck, thought she had run into acomputer problem when shewent online Tuesday and learnedshe would not qualify.

At 55, she has high blood pres-sure, and she had been waitingfor the law to take effect so shecould get coverage. Before shelost her job and her house andhad to move in with her brotherin Virginia, she lived in Mary-land, a state that is expandingMedicaid. “Would I go backthere?” she asked. “It might in-volve me living in my car. I don’tknow. I might consider it.”

The 26 states that have re-jected the Medicaid expansionare home to about half of thecountry’s population, but about68 percent of poor, uninsuredblacks and single mothers. About60 percent of the country’s unin-sured working poor are in thosestates. Among those excluded areabout 435,000 cashiers, 341,000cooks and 253,000 nurses’ aides.

“The irony is that these states

Millions of Poor Are Left

Uncovered by Health Law

Choice by States Not to Expand Medicaid

Undercuts Reach of Obama Plan

Share who are poor and uninsured among adults ages 19 to 64,

excluding residents of institutions and ineligible immigrants.

Source: New York Times analysis of census data THE NEW YORK TIMES

Area with fewer

than 5 people

per square mile

In states that are expanding Medicaid, 6.8 percent of adults ages 19 to 64 are poor and uninsured …

… while in states that are not currently participating in theexpansion, 9.1 percent are poor and uninsured.

3% 6% 9% 12%

Continued on Page A18

By FRANCES ROBLES

A sweeping investigation intocases handled years ago by a re-tired Brooklyn homicide detec-tive has turned up a witness to a1995 murder who says the policecoached him into giving false tes-timony.

The witness, Sharron Ivory,gave crucial evidence in one ofroughly 40 trial convictions han-dled by the detective, Louis Scar-cella, that are now being re-viewed by the Brooklyn districtattorney’s office. The review was

prompted by revelations that Mr.Scarcella sometimes engaged inquestionable tactics, and mayhave helped frame an innocentman in another case.

Mr. Ivory was interviewed inrecent weeks, first by a pair of de-tectives and then by an assistantdistrict attorney, he said in a tele-phone interview. He told them hewas lying nearly 20 years agowhen he said he could identifythe man who shot his cousin, a lit-tle girl who was struck by a straybullet in a case that caused con-siderable public outrage.

Mr. Ivory’s account is just onefacet of the broad investigationinto Mr. Scarcella’s cases thatwas announced nearly fivemonths ago by the Brooklyn dis-trict attorney, Charles J. Hynes.Going back decades, and cover-ing years’ worth of convictions, itis a highly unusual re-examiningof the work of a detective who, atthe time, was among the mostproductive in New York City. Andwhile Mr. Ivory says he was in-terviewed, lawyers for other de-fendants, as well as some of those

Murder Witness Says Police Coached Lie in 1995

Continued on Page A25

By NICOLE PERLROTH and SCOTT SHANE

DALLAS — One day last May,Ladar Levison returned home tofind an F.B.I. agent’s businesscard on his Dallas doorstep. Sobegan a four-month tangle withlaw enforcement officials thatwould end with Mr. Levison’sshutting the business he hadspent a decade building and be-coming an unlikely hero of pri-vacy advocates in their escalat-ing battle with the governmentover Internet security.

Prosecutors, it turned out,were pursuing a notable user of

Lavabit, Mr. Levison’s securee-mail service: Edward J. Snow-den, the former National SecurityAgency contractor who leakedclassified documents that haveput the intelligence agency undersharp scrutiny. Mr. Levison waswilling to allow investigatorswith a court order to tap Mr.Snowden’s e-mail account; hehad complied with similar nar-rowly targeted requests involv-ing other customers about twodozen times.

But they wanted more, he said:the passwords, encryption keysand computer code that would es-sentially allow the governmentuntrammeled access to the pro-

tected messages of all his cus-tomers. That, he said, was toomuch.

“You don’t need to bug an en-tire city to bug one guy’s phonecalls,” Mr. Levison, 32, said in arecent interview. “In my case,they wanted to break open theentire box just to get to one con-nection.”

On Aug. 8, Mr. Levison closedLavabit rather than, in his view,betray his promise of securee-mail to his customers. Themove, which he explained in a let-ter on his Web site, drew ferventsupport from civil libertariansbut was seen by prosecutors as

Waging Privacy Fight as F.B.I. Pursued Snowden

Continued on Page A19

By JIM YARDLEY

ROME — He seemed stunned,if immaculately tailored in a darksuit that sheathed him like armor.

But the Silvio Berlusconi whostood before the Italian Senate onWednesday was no longer invin-cible. His brazen attempt to bringdown Italy’s coalition govern-ment had provoked a mutiny inhis own party. Most startling, Mr.Berlusconi, the powerful formerprime minister, was reversinghimself and bending to the rebel-lion.

For all the Shakespearean ele-ments of pride, betrayal and hu-bris displayed on Wednesdayduring the political theatrics, thegovernment survived a confi-dence vote with unexpected ease.The more significant news wasthat moderates promising deepreforms scored an unusually de-cisive victory in the most un-stable of the euro zone’s big econ-omies.

At a time when several majorcountries, notably including theUnited States, are paralyzed bypartisan political warfare, the de-feat for Mr. Berlusconi was greet-ed by many as a welcome, if stilltentative, sign that Italy couldcarry out long-delayed changesto its political system and takesteps to revive its sclerotic econ-omy. “We are seeing the long twi-light of the Berlusconi era,” saidRoberto D’Alimonte, a politicalanalyst in Rome.

Mr. Berlusconi’s attempt tobring down the government wasintended to resuscitate his en-dangered political career as hefaces a pending prison sentence,analysts say. Instead, it fractured

Mutiny Halts

Italian Gambit

By Berlusconi

ALESSANDRO DI MEO/EUROPEAN PRESSPHOTO AGENCY

Silvio Berlusconi, center, had to reverse himself on Wednesday and pledge support for the Italian government he failed to topple.

Continued on Page A4

By MICHAEL COOPER

They are among the highest-paid performers at Carnegie Hall,even though they do not play anote: they are the stagehands ofLocal 1, whose average total com-pensation of more than $400,000 ayear is more than some of thehall’s top executives earn. Littlehappens on Carnegie’s stageswithout them.

Now, with scant notice, Car-negie seems to have decided totake a stand against the powerfulunion, refusing in contract talksto let the stagehands extend theirsway to an educational wing to beopened next year above the hall.The stagehands struck back onWednesday, calling the firststrike in the history of CarnegieHall and forcing the cancellationof a star-studded opening-nightgala on Wednesday that was tohave featured the PhiladelphiaOrchestra and the violinist Josh-ua Bell playing before a crowd ofwell-heeled patrons.

The strike not only silencedAmerica’s flagship concert hallon what was to have been one ofits biggest nights of the year, butalso capped an extraordinaryweek that underscored the perilsfacing classical music in Americain the 21st century.

Another of the city’s culturalmainstays, New York City Opera,announced its plans to dissolveand file for bankruptcy this week,bringing 70 years of operatic his-tory to an end. In the Midwest, la-bor strife cost the Minnesota Or-chestra its beloved music direc-tor, Osmo Vanska, who resigned

For First Time,

Strike Shutters

Carnegie Hall

Continued on Page A27

By JEREMY W. PETERS

WASHINGTON — It was notenough for Senator Harry Reid tojust dismiss Republican offers as“vexatious” or “kid’s stuff” or“one cockamamie, can’t-passidea after another.” He called theWhite House and asked it to issuea veto threat, which it promptlydid.

It was not enough for Mr. Reid,the majority leader, to accuse hiscounterpart in the House, Speak-er John A. Boehner, of beingdragged around by a tribe ofrogue “banana Republicans.” Heleaked a series of e-mails be-tween their offices in an attemptto humiliate the speaker.

With Congress locked in an in-tractable budget dispute thatkept the federal government shutdown for a second day onWednesday, Mr. Reid is not onlyacting as the public face of the

no-compromise posture of Demo-crats on Capitol Hill, he is thepower behind the scenes drivinga hard-line strategy that theWhite House and CongressionalDemocrats are hoping will forceRepublicans to crack.

His tactics have been unapolo-getically aggressive, even whenmeasured by the fast and looserules of engagement in a politicalclimate so bitterly polarized.

Advisers and Senate col-leagues say that Mr. Reid, of Ne-vada, who at 73 is more wily andscrappy than his stooped posture

In Showdown With G.O.P.,

A Scrappy Reid Plays Hardball

STEPHEN CROWLEY/THE NEW YORK TIMES

Senator Harry Reid and Representative Nancy Pelosi metWednesday with the president and Speaker John A. Boehner.

Continued on Page A20

The president won’t negotiatebefore Congress acts on the budg-et and debt ceiling. Page A21.

Obama Says Not Now

An international team of weapons in-spectors has arrived in the Syrian capi-tal, Damascus, to lay the groundworkfor destroying Syria’s chemical arms,but it is unclear how it will navigate thecomplex task amid a brutal civil warand shifting battle lines. PAGE A6

INTERNATIONAL A4-12

Inspectors Begin Work in Syria

The governor’s race in Virginia could bea gauge of voter anger over gridlock inWashington. PAGE A14

NATIONAL A14-22

A Measure of Voter Pique

Officials say they have arrested themastermind behind a vast Internet mar-ketplace for illicit goods. PAGE A3

NEW YORK A3, A23-27

Online Black Market Revealed

Libraries could help in hurricanes, Mi-chael Kimmelman writes. PAGE C1

ARTS C1-10

Havens for Books and Safety

As the shutdown continues, Wall Streetsees a greater concern: that the govern-ment may default in two weeks. PAGE B1

BUSINESS DAY B1-11

Wall St. Wary of Default Peril

The adored decorating magazine is backagain, but this time it’s a store. PAGE D1

HOME D1-8

Another Iteration of Domino

An author of best-selling military andespionage thrillers, Mr. Clancy packedhis novels with detail about intelligencegroups and weaponry. Many of hisbooks, like “The Hunt for Red October,”were adapted into Hollywood blockbust-ers. He was 66. PAGE A28

OBITUARIES A28-29

Tom Clancy Is Dead

The American designer Marc Jacobs,who helped revive Louis Vuitton afterarriving there in 1997, is leaving thecompany. PAGE E1

As Paris Fashion Week closes, CathyHoryn reviews Mr. Jacobs’s last collec-tion for the label. PAGE A32

THURSDAY STYLES E1-14

A Vuitton Closeout

Nicholas D. Kristof PAGE A31

EDITORIAL, OP-ED A30-31

Tampa Bay beat Cleveland, 4-0, in theAmerican League wild-card game, andwill play Boston next. PAGE B15

SPORTSTHURSDAY B12-17

Rays Advance With Shutout

C M Y K Nxxx,2013-10-03,A,001,Bs-4C,E2